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The Rock Cycle and its Processes

Explore the rock cycle and its different types of rocks (igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary) through the processes of formation, transformation, and erosion. Understand the conservation of matter and the redistribution of elements.

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The Rock Cycle and its Processes

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  1. Table of Contents Chapter 3: Rocks Section 1: The Rock Cycle

  2. The Rock Cycle 1 A. What is a rock?—Common Rocks 1. Most rock used for building stone contains one or more common minerals, called rock-forming minerals, such as quartz, feldspar, mica, or calcite. 2. When you look closely, the sparkles you see are individual crystals of minerals. 3. A rock is a mixture of such minerals, rock fragments, volcanic glass, organic matter, or other natural materials.

  3. The Rock Cycle 1 B. The Rock Cycle • To show how rocks slowly change through time, scientists have created a model called the rock cycle. • It illustrates the processes that create and change rocks.

  4. The Rock Cycle 1 B. The Rock Cycle 3. The rock cycle shows the three types of rock— igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary—and the processes that form them.

  5. The Rock Cycle 1 B. The Rock Cycle 4. Rocks change by many processes. For example, a sedimentary rock can change by heat and pressure to form a metamorphic rock. 5. The metamorphic rock then can melt and later cool to form an igneous rock. 6. The igneous rock then could be broken into fragments by weathering and erode away.

  6. The Rock Cycle 1 B. The Rock Cycle 7. The fragments might later compact and cement together to form another sedimentary rock. Any given rock can change into any of the three major rock types. A rock even can transform into another rock of the same type. • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ihfKNRdlE2E

  7. The Rock Cycle 1 C. Matter and the Rock Cycle 1. The rock cycle shows how rock can be weathered to small rock and mineral grains. 2. This material then can be eroded and carried away by wind, water, or ice. 3. This illustrates the principle of conservation of matter. 4. The changes that take place in the rock cycle never destroy or create matter. 5. The elements are just redistributed in other forms.

  8. Section Check 1 Question 1 Which of these is a rock? A. feldspar B. granite C. mica D. quartz

  9. Section Check 1 Question 2 Weathering and erosion of igneous rocks produces material that can become __________ rock. A. magma B. metamorphic C. more igneous D. sedimentary

  10. Section Check 1 Question 3 Which is formed by cooling magma? A. garnet B. igneous C. metamorphic D. sedimentary

  11. End of Chapter Summary File

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