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Selected Topic E: Hormones

Selected Topic E: Hormones. Milbank High School. Objectives. To learn about hormones…. The Endrocrine System. Synthesize hormones (chemical messengers) Pituitary gland Thyroid Adrenal. Chemical Structure of Hormones. Three types Amino acid derivatives Peptide hormones insulin

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Selected Topic E: Hormones

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  1. Selected Topic E:Hormones Milbank High School

  2. Objectives • To learn about hormones…

  3. The Endrocrine System • Synthesize hormones (chemical messengers) • Pituitary gland • Thyroid • Adrenal

  4. Chemical Structure of Hormones • Three types • Amino acid derivatives • Peptide hormones • insulin • Steroid hormones • Sex hormones • Adrenaline • All are lipids

  5. Adrenocortical Hormones • Use cholesterol to be produced • Aldosterone • Regulate exchange of sodium, potassium, and hydrogen ions • Cortisol • Inhibit inflammatory response • Regulate metabolic reactions

  6. Sex Hormones • Androgens • Progesterone • Estrogen • Very small structural differences

  7. Anabolic Steroids: Natural • Testosterone • In addition to being a sex hormone: • Prevents osteoporosis • Increased energy • 20-30 more times more in males than females • Derived from cholesterol

  8. Anabolic Steroids: Synthetic • “Androgens” • Used by athletes (i.e. Barry Bonds) • Stimulate protein synthesis in skeletal muscles • Must be injected directly into muscles • Many side effects • Androstenedione

  9. Designer Steroids • THG “the clear” or “the cream” (Tetrahydrogestrinone) • Used to get around drug tests “composition of testosterone and epitestosterone designed to increase the natural level of the steroid testosterone while not disrupting the ratio of testosterone to epitestosterone, a common metric used in traditional drug tests.” • HGH

  10. Contraceptives • Progesterone • Progestins • Mimics pregnancy • “Morning after” pill • Blocks production of progesterone • Not approved for use in US

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