1 / 19

California State Test

California State Test. Grade 8. America Before the Constitution. Great Awakening -Religious movement (1700s) encouraged political independence Declaration of Independence -Formal break from Great Britain Revolutionary War - Won freedom from Britain; started democracy

duman
Télécharger la présentation

California State Test

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. California State Test Grade 8

  2. America Before the Constitution • Great Awakening -Religious movement (1700s) encouraged political independence • Declaration of Independence -Formal break from Great Britain • Revolutionary War - Won freedom from Britain; started democracy • Stole England’s idea of Parliament (2 house government) for our Congress

  3. Articles of Confederation • Loosely bound the new United States • Strong States but weak federal Gov’t • Federal Gov’t could not do anything so they had to come up with a better plan • Shays’ & Whiskey Rebellion- Threatened to end American government

  4. Roots of the U.S. Constitution • Magna Carta – (England) Limited English kings’ powers; has to follow laws • English Bill Of Rights- Limited English monarchs’ powers; can’t change laws • Mayflower Compact- decided on the idea of Self-government when they got to the Americas • Articles of Confederation- National government with limited powers; failed • Federalist Papers- Essays supporting a new constitution, by James Madison and Alexander Hamilton • Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom- Government cannot force religion on someone • James Madison- “Father of the Constitution”; rewrote constitution

  5. U.S. Constitution - Articles • Article I: Forms Congress - Senate and House of Representatives (Legislative) • Article II: Forms Presidency and Cabinet (Executive) • Article III: Forms Supreme Court and court system (Judicial) • Article IV: States’ laws respected; new states added • Article V: Changing (amending) law of the land • Article VI: Supremacy clause; national government overrides state government • Article VII: Ratified -Constitution approved • Bill of Rights - Rights of American citizens (1-10) • State’s Rights- Belief that states have more rights than national government

  6. Participation in American Politics • Jefferson’s Ideas: Strict construction; anti-national bank; anti-tariff; pro-agrarian (farming); expand voting rights • Hamilton’s Ideas: Loose construction; pro-national bank; pro-tariff; anti-agrarian; restrict voting rights • Washington ended Whiskey Rebellion with force to make states understand the athe Federal gov’t was strong

  7. America’s First Leader’s Expectations for our new Country • Sectionalism- Supported region rather than nation • George Washington’s Farewell Address – He said No foreign alliances or political parties • President Jefferson’s Ideas: Strict construction; anti-national bank; anti-tariff; pro-agrarian (farming); expand voting rights

  8. Foreign Policy(How we deal with other Countries) • Pres. Jefferson- Louisiana Purchase- Brought from France; doubled the size of U.S. • Pres. Jefferson- Native Americans- Led by Tecumseh to stop westward expansion • Pres. Madison- War of 1812- U.S. defeated Britain; rise in patriotism (GO!! America!!) • Pres. Monroe Doctrine- Europe can’t interfere with the Americas

  9. USThe North • Economy: Trade, manufacturing, transportation • Politics: Pro-tariff; mainly anti-slavery (Republican) • Society: Wealthy, middle class, immigrants, poor • Reform Movements: • Opportunities for African Americans- Fredrick Douglass, Harriet Beecher Stowe • education reforms – Horace Mann • women’s rights – Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton

  10. U.S. The South • Economy: Agrarian (cotton, tobacco farming) • Politics: Pro-slavery, anti-tariff (Democrat) • Society: Plantation system; wealthy planter, sharecroppers, slaves • Slavery: Horrible conditions; slave revolts (Denmark Vesey, Nat Turner, Harriet Tubman)

  11. U.S. The West • Manifest Destiny: America’s destiny to move westward • Economy: Farming; mining (gold, silver) • California Gold Rush – 49ers • Society: Frontier difficult; women and men worked on farms • Texas War for Independence: Texas v. Mexico; started war when Texas was admitted as slave state • U.S. victory; gained land to Pacific Ocean • New Mexico Territory and Utah Teritory

  12. The Fight Over Slavery Begins • Slavery before the Revolutionary War -Quakers (Pennsylvania) • The Constitution and slavery- Slaves 3/5 of a person • Slaves Escape the South: • Harriet Tubman- Conductor of Underground Railroad • William Lloyd Garrison -Abolitionist leader and writer • Fredrick Douglass- Author

  13. The Fight Over Slavery Continues • Missouri Compromise: Missouri – slave state/ Maine – free state; U.S. balanced; line no slavery in north • Compromise of 1850: CA – free state; TX given money; Mexican Cession in half (New Mexico and Utah decide by popular sovereignty); south gets fugitive slave laws • Kansas-Nebraska Act: Louisiana Purchase divided in 2; voters decide on slavery • Dred Scott Case: African Americans not citizens, no rights and Missouri Comp. Line illegal

  14. The Civil War • North - Small states; connected by railroads; factories • South - Larger states; less railroads; farms • President Lincoln (16th) during Civil War; • Emancipation Proclamation - freed slaves • War fought for liberty, equality, democracy • Freed slaves in Confederacy, not other states • Promoted peace for North and South • Ulysses S. Grant - Commanded Western Union army, then entire Union Army • Robert E Lee - Virginian commander of Confederate Army • Jefferson Davis - President of Confederacy

  15. Civil War Battles • Fort Sumter (started war) • Battle of Antietam (bloodiest) • Battle of Gettysburg (turning point) • Appomattox (not battle, ended war) • Lee surrenders to Grant • !!!Union Wins!!!

  16. Reconstruction • Goal: Reuniting and rebuilding nation • Freedman’s Bureau - Relief agency for poor Southerners • Jim Crow Laws - Segregation laws (forced racial separation) • 13th - slavery illegal • 14th - citizens legally protected • 15th – All American men can vote • Ku Klux Klan - violence and terror

  17. 15th Amendment: • 19th Amendment: • 26th Amendment:

  18. Industrial Revolution • Reasons for Battles with Native American’s - Americans moved west for land and gold • Grangerism and Populism - Farmers’ political groups • Inventors – • Thomas Edison (light bulb) • Alexander Bell (telephone) • Henry Ford (car) • Wright brothers (plane) • Samuel Slater (textile mills)

  19. Industrial Revolution Continued . . . • Entrepreneurs (Start Businesses) - A. Carnegie (steel); J.D. Rockefeller (oil); Stanford (railroad) • Industry Caused - Urban growth, problems, reforms • 2nd Wave of Immigration- from Southern and Eastern Europe; worked low paying jobs • Labor Movements - Protested to improve working conditions and wages

More Related