State of California

1. State of California

2. Level A Conformance Practice Double-A Conformance Lunch Practice Triple-A Conformance Best Practices Content Redevelopment Resources Summary Agenda - Day 2

3. Objectives At the completion of this module, you will be able to: Explain the basic difference between Section 508 compliance and Level A conformance Explain the meaning of each Level A requirement Explain how to implement each Level A requirement Module 8WCAG Level A Conformance

4. Section 508 §1194.22 is loosely based on WCAG 1.0 Priority 1 checkpoints WCAG has some Priority 1 checkpoints not included in Section 508 §1194.22 § 1194.22 has some additional standards Module focus: WCAG Level A Conformance Level A = Meets all Priority 1 checkpoints We will look at each Priority 1 checkpoint How WCAG and Section 508 Relate

5. “Until user agents can automatically read aloud the text equivalent of a visual track, provide an auditory description of the important information of the visual track of a multimedia presentation.” Complements Section 508 §1194.22 (b) Checkpoint 1.3Multimedia

6. “Clearly identify changes in the natural language of a document's text and any text equivalents (e.g., captions).” No Section 508 equivalent Important for Braille readers Multilingual speech synthesizers Appropriate use of machine translators Checkpoint 4.1Natural Language

7. <p>And with a certain je ne sais quoi, she entered both the room, and his life, forever. <q>My name is Natasha,</q> she said. <q>Piacere,</q> he replied in impeccable Italian, locking the door.</p> Natural Language Accessibility: Before

8. <p>And with a certain <span lang="fr">je ne sais quoi</span>, she entered both the room, and his life, forever. <q>My name is Natasha,</q> she said. <q lang="it">Piacere,</q> he replied in impeccable Italian, locking the door.</p> Natural Language Accessibility: After

9. “Ensure that equivalents for dynamic content are updated when the dynamic content changes.” No Section 508 equivalent Checkpoint 6.2Dynamic Content

10. <img src="./gallery/<% =artArray(11,thisRow) %>_thumb.jpg" border="0" width="155" alt="Gallery Picture" /> Dynamic Content: Before and After Before: After: • <img src="./gallery/<% =artArray(11,thisRow) %>_thumb.jpg” alt="<% =artArray(5,thisRow) %>" />

11. “Ensure that pages are usable when scripts, applets, or other programmatic objects are turned off or not supported. If this is not possible, provide equivalent information on an alternative accessible page.” Section 508 (l) and (m) Checkpoint 6.3Scripting

12. “Make programmatic elements such as scripts and applets directly accessible or compatible with assistive technologies [Priority 1 if functionality is important and not presented elsewhere, otherwise Priority 2].” No Section 508 equivalent Checkpoint 8.1 Script/Applet Compatibility with User Agents

13. “Use the clearest and simplest language appropriate for a site's content.” No Section 508 equivalent Checkpoint 14.1Clear Language

14. Links Topic sentence at beginning of paragraph One main idea per paragraph Avoid slang, jargon, specialized meanings Use common words Active voice Avoid complex sentences Clear Language: Suggestions

15. Fog Index = Average number of words per sentence + Percentage of words with 3 or more syllables X 0.4 Lower score means easier to read For example: Mark Twain, the Bible, TV Guide have a Fog Index of around 6 Time, Newsweek, and The Wall Street Journal have a Fog Index of around 11 Alison de Grassi: Foggy or Foxy? I’m guessing the fog rules! Brian Reed: Hehe. Fox” index???? Clear Language Tool: The Fog Index

16. WCAG 1.0 guidelines overlap with Section 508 §1194.22 Both incorporated into State of California standards Level A conformance requires meeting all Priority 1 checkpoints Module 8 Recap

17. Objectives At the completion of this module, you will be able to: Describe Level A problem areas you found on your websites Explain what steps you took (or can take) to correct the problems Explain why you took (or would take) these steps Module 9Practice - Level A

18. Work in pairs: Identify compliance issues in your own websites Refer to your Quick Reference Guide Use the worksheets on pages 35 and 36 Make at least one modification to bring an element into compliance NOTE: Later today you will be creating an action plan for further changes to your site. As you work, think about what those actions might be. Practice Activities

19. Objectives At the completion of this module, you will be able to: Explain the basic difference between Level A and Double-A conformance Explain the meaning of each Double-A requirement Explain how to implement Double-A requirements Module 10Double-A Conformance

20. Work in teams of five: Research (40 min.) how to implement your three checkpoints Prepare (15 min.) to present what you learned to the class Present your findings to the class and answer questions (7 min.) Meaning of checkpoints and how to implement them Research Activity

21. Objectives At the completion of this module, you will be able to: Describe Double-A issues you found on your websites Describe how the items identified on the sites could be brought into compliance Module 11 Practice - Double-A

22. Work in teams of five: Surf the Web for Double-A violations Keep track of what you find Number of violations What Priority 2 checkpoint is violated You have 15 minutes! Team Challenge: Double-A Non-conformance

25. Objectives At the completion of this module, you will be able to: Explain in general what is meant by Triple-A compliance State several Triple-A requirements Module 12Triple-A Conformance Issues

30. Objectives At the completion of this module, you will be able to: Describe several best practices adopted by the State of California IOUCA Module 13Best Practices

31. In addition to the Section 508 and WCAG Double-A requirements adopted by the State of California, the following five best practices were approved: 9.c - Avoid using small images or text as links. [Ref: CA DOR #1] 12.a - Avoid using frames. [Ref: CA DOR #2 Based on WCAG 10] 18.c - If a downloadable document cannot be provided in an accessible electronic format, provide information on how to request an alternate format. [Ref: CA DOR #3] 19.a. - Provide contact information. [Ref: CA DOR #4] 20.a. - Test for accessibility. [Ref: CA DOR #5] Module 13Best Practices

33. The State of California has adopted five “Best Practices” in addition to the requirements of Section 508 1194.22 and WCAG Double-A requirements. Module 13 Recap

34. Objectives At the completion of this module, you will be able to: Explain why we don’t post documents Name one example of a document conversion tool Explain some of the issues related to Accessible JavaScript Explain some of the issue related to Accessible Flash Module 14Content Redevelopment

35. MS Office documents are not natively accessible Word, PowerPoint, etc. Presents usability problems (visitors must have MS Office) Conversion tools available Convert Word & PowerPoint to “accessible HTML” Why Not to Post Documents

36. PDF files are not inherently accessible PDF viewer required Post PDFs only when necessary When WYSIWYG documents are required Forms intended for off-line submittal Conversion to HTML represents constitutes “undue burden” Many PDF-to-HTML conversion tools available Reference: www.webaim.org/techniques/acrobat Accessible PDFs (1 of 2)

37. When posting PDFs Go back to original file (e.g., Word) and clean it up! Create a tagged PDF file with appropriate accessibility markup Further Reading Facts and opinions About PDF accessibility http://alistapart.com/articles/pdf_accessibility: PDF Accessibility http://www.webaim.org/techniques/acrobat/converting.php: Accessible PDFs (2 of 2)

38. Content and functionality must be made accessible to assistive technologies Page must be fully navigable via the keyboard To make JavaScript accessible: Use object detection! Use device-independent handlers .mouseover => .focus .mouseout => .blur Accessible JavaScript (1 of 2)

39. Do not modify or override normal browser functionality - causes confusion If native accessibility cannot be achieved, provide alternative content Page should “transform gracefully” if JavaScript is not present (or not fully present) Accessible JavaScript (2 of 2)

40. JK Rowling Site www.jkrowling.com features Keyboard navigation Accessibility menu Ability to Enlarge text and other content Pause movement Turn off background sounds Sound glossary Adapts to presence of screen reader technology Flash

41. Content redevelopment for accessibility Rationale Tools and methods Examples MS Office PDF JavaScript Flash Module 14 Recap

42. Objectives At the completion of this module, you will be able to: Use the Web Accessibility Resources website created by Design Media http://www.dor.ca.gov/webaccessibility Find resources for XHTML and CSS Find online resources for Section 508 and WCAG requirements Module 15Resources

43. Objectives At the completion of this module, you will be able to: List the key points of the training Identify specific steps you will take to bring your websites into compliance Module 16Summary

44. California has adopted accessibility standards for State websites Section 508 §1194.22 WCAG Double-A Five “Best Practices” WCAG Triple-A is an additional, higher standard XHTML and CCS are tools for standards-based markup Resources are available to help you make websites accessible Online validation tools do not take the place of user community testing and developer judgment Accessible design makes Web access easier for all users Key Points

45. Overwhelmed? Take Small Bites! Start with XHTML & CSS The Elephant is Smaller Than You Think Working with Non-Compliant Templates Section 508, etc. Daily Practices Eating the Elephant

46. Describe what you will do to bring your websites into Section 508 compliance and WCAG 1.0 Double-A conformance Share your plans with your partner Your Individual Action Plan