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Understanding Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Transmission

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Infectious diseases are caused by pathogens, which are organisms that can make you sick. These microorganisms include viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protists. Pathogens can spread through direct contact, such as kissing an infected person, or indirectly, like inhaling virus-laden droplets. They can also be transmitted via contaminated food, water, and objects or through bites from infected animals. Diseases like malaria and cholera illustrate how easily pathogens can spread in various environments. Awareness of these transmission methods is crucial for preventing infections.

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Understanding Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Transmission

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  1. Infectious Disease • Pathogen: An organism that causes disease • Infectious disease: • Something you “catch” • A pathogen has gotten into your body and made you sick

  2. Kinds of pathogens • Viruses • Bacteria • Fungi • Mold, yeast, fungus • Can cause athletes foot, ringworm • Protists • Single celled organisms with a nucleus • Malaria, amebic dysentery

  3. How Pathogens are spread • Read your assigned section on how pathogens are spread and complete the notes for that section • Get together with your assigned group of 4 and teach your group about your section

  4. Infected People • Pathogens can be spread from person to person by direct contact. • An example of direct contact: • Kissing someone with a open cold sore allows the cold sore virus into your body • Explain how “indirect contact” can make spread disease and give an example: • A person with the flu sneezes, sending virus droplets into the air, which other people can inhale

  5. Soil, Food, and water • Some pathogens occur naturally in the environment. • Explain how a person can become sick from food or water: • By eating or drinking something that has been contaminated with a pathogen • What is an example of a disease that is spread through food or water: • Cholera, dysentary

  6. Contaminated Objects • Explain how a person can become sick by contaminated objects: • By touching something that has been handled by an infected person • Explain how a person gets tetanus: • By stepping on a contaminated object

  7. Infected Animals • Explain how a person can be infected by an animal: • By being bitten by an animal that is carrying a disease • What diseases do ticks carry? • Rocky Mountain Fever, Lymes Disease • What type of a PATHOGEN is malaria caused by (it is carried by mosquitoes, but what causes it)? • Protists

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