The Cold War: 1946 - 1989

1. The Cold War: 1946 - 1989 East v. West Communists v. Capitalists Soviets v. America

2. What is a Cold War? • ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. • Political tension • Economic conflict • Military tension • ____________ – direct military action.

3. What caused the Cold War? • Churchill and Stalin hated one another. • ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________. • The Iron Curtain • ____________________________________________________________________________________. • Peenemunde / The Bomb • Weapons Race • Space Race

4. Personality Clashes • Churchill and Stalin only pretended friendship in front of the cameras in WWII. • __________________________________________________. • Everyone behaved. • __________________________________________________. • Allies became 2 against 1 • FOR GOOD REASONS!

5. ___________: Stalin’s Betrayal of the Allies • Remember the MARSHALL PLAN for rebuilding Germany? • ________________________________________________________. • The Soviet Union made Eastern Europe into ____________________________________________. • _____________________________

6. _______________________ – Winston Churchill • Enclosing the satellite nations.

7. What was Stalin doing that was so bad in Eastern Europe? • __________________________ • __________________________ • __________________________ • Stripping other countries economies to support the Soviet Union. • Slave labor made of Nazis and political prisoners. • ___________________________

8. What was Stalin doing in Eastern Europe? • Lack of _________________ • Lack of _________________ • No freedom of movement. • ________________________________________________ • Stalin and the Soviets • Communism spreads

9. ____________________: 1948 • Clear Stalin wasn’t going to reunify Germany. • ______________________________________________________________ • ______________________________________________________________ • Berlin was in the Russian zone – ____________________________________________________________________________________ • ____________________________________________________________________________________________

10. The Berlin Blockade: 1948 • _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. • Stalin closed the escape route in 1948. • ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

11. The Berlin Airlift • ________________________________________________________________________________________. • 1949 – ____________________________________________ • BUT Berlin remained a focal point for the Cold War.

12. What did Truman do about the Iron Curtain? • ________________________________ • The Berlin Airlift • _____________________________________________ • ________________

13. The Marshall Plan • ______________________________________________ • To stop future ___________, to stop ____________ – rebuild the war-ruined countries of Europe. • ________________________ • Get people jobs • Restore electricity, water, medical, roads, police / fire • _________________________

14. The Marshall Plan • Austria, Belgium, Denmark,France, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, England, Western Germany

15. Stalin and the the Marshall Plan • ________________________________________________. • ______________________________________________________. • Wanted to keep punishing people.

16. The Berlin Wall • Too many Berliners in the Soviet section wanted to live in freedom. • ________________________________________________________________________________. • 1960

17. _______________________: 1947 • ________________________________________________ • Any time there is a threat of Communism, the US had to stand up to it. • ________________________________________________ • Not as damaged by WWII

18. The ____________________ and Containment • _______________________________________________________________________________________ • ______________________________________________________________________________ • Used to justify US involvement in Central America / South America 1960-1970s. • Europe and Africa

19. NATO: North Atlantic Treaty Organization • __________________________________________________________________ • Armed attack on one – considered an attack on all. • ______________________________________________________________.

20. Stalin’s Response? • ______________________________________________________________________________ • Eastern Europe was militarized – so they’d be a buffer to protect Russian soil. • ______________________________________________________________________________. • EXCEPT: Yugoslavia

21. Don’t Forget the role of technology in creating the Cold War • Did Stalin know about the A-bomb? • Was he or wasn’t he scared that NATO might drop the bomb on Russia? • ________________________________________________________________________________________

22. ________________________: Also a cause of the Cold War • Peenemunde: ________________________________________________________________. • Jet engines • A-bomb • V1 and V2 guided missiles • Guided Rockets • Plasma weapons

23. Dividing up the scientists after WWII • The US took half and the Soviets took the other half. • ______________________________________________________. • ________________________________________________________. • Russian Sputnik program – 1957.

24. Werner Von Braun: Our German Scientist • Created our NASA program. • ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

25. The Peenemunde scientists launched • Weapons Race • MAD • ____________________________________________________________ • Space Race