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Understanding the Basics of Chemistry: Matter, Elements, and Interactions

Dive into the fascinating world of chemistry, the science of matter and its interactions. Explore the classification of matter, from atomic to elemental forms, and understand key concepts like kinetic energy, atomic structure, and the distinction between elements and compounds. Learn how chemical properties are determined by atomic numbers and the nature of isotopes. This guide also clarifies the difference between heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures and provides practical example calculations for density and temperature conversion.

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Understanding the Basics of Chemistry: Matter, Elements, and Interactions

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Presentation Transcript

  1. A GOOD, FRIENDLY CUP!

  2. WHAT IS CHEMISTRY?

  3. WHAT IS CHEMISTRY? THE SCIENCE OF MATTER AND ITS INTERACTIONS.

  4. ALL OF THE MATTER WE SEE AROUND US ON EARTH COULD BE CLASSIFIED AS ______________ MATTER.

  5. ALL OF THE MATTER WE SEE AROUND US ON EARTH COULD BE CLASSIFIED AS ____ATOMIC____ MATTER.

  6. THE SIMPLEST KIND OF MATTER IS ___________________.

  7. THE SIMPLEST KIND OF MATTER IS ____AN ELEMENT_____.

  8. THE AVERAGE KINETIC ENERGY OF AN OBJECT IS DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL TO ______________________.

  9. THE AVERAGE KINETIC ENERGY OF AN OBJECT IS DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL TO ABSOLUTE TEMPERATURE__.

  10. ELEMENTS ARE COMPOSED OF ___________________________________.

  11. ELEMENTS ARE COMPOSED OF ___ __ONLY ONE KIND OF ATOM_____.

  12. COMPOUNDS ARE COMPOSED OF ____________________________.

  13. COMPOUNDS ARE COMPOSED OF _TWO OR MORE ATOMS CHEMICALLY COMBINED (MOLECULES)______.

  14. AN ATOM IS MOSTLY ________________.

  15. AN ATOM IS MOSTLY ___EMPTY SPACE_.

  16. FILL IN THE BLANKS.

  17. FILL IN THE BLANKS.

  18. FILL IN THE FOLLOWING TABLE FOR PARTS OF AN ATOM:

  19. FILL IN THE FOLLOWING TABLE FOR PARTS OF AN ATOM:

  20. WHAT DETERMINES THE CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF AN ELEMENT?

  21. WHAT DETERMINES THE CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF AN ELEMENT? THE ATOMIC NUMBER, Z, WHICH IS EQUAL TO THE NUMBER OF PROTONS IN THE NUCLEUS (ALSO THE NUMBER OF ELECTRONS IN SHELLS ABOUT THE NUCLEUS)

  22. WHAT IS AN ISOTOPE?

  23. WHAT IS AN ISOTOPE? ATOMS WITH THE SAME ATOMIC NUMBER, BUT DIFFERENT ATOMIC MASS (DIFFERENT NUMBERS OF NEUTRONS IN THE NUCLEUS).

  24. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE AND A HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE?

  25. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE AND A HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE? AN HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE HAS UNIFORM COMPOSITION THROUGHOUT, WHILE A HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE DOES NOT.

  26. DEFINE THE FOLLOWING PREFIXES: KILO – CENTI – MILLI -

  27. DEFINE THE FOLLOWING PREFIXES: KILO – 1000 CENTI – 1/100TH MILLI – 1/1000TH

  28. CONVERT 2500 ml TO LITERS:

  29. CONVERT 2500 ml TO LITERS: 2500 ml x 1/1000 ml/L = 2.5 L

  30. CONVERT 98.6oF TO oC: oC = 5/9 (98.6 – 32) = 37 oC

  31. WHAT IS SCIENCE?

  32. WHAT IS SCIENCE? A SYSTEMATIC STUDY OF HOW THINGS WORK

  33. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A HYPOTHESIS AND A THEORY?

  34. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A HYPOTHESIS AND A THEORY? A HYPOTHESIS IS AN UNTESTED IDEA, WHILE A THEORY IS A TESTED IDEA THAT HAS BEEN PROVEN TO BE CORRECT.

  35. THE DENSITY OF A METAL IS 3.78 g/ml. YOU HAVE 46 grams OF THE METAL. HOW MANY ml DO YOU HAVE.

  36. THE DENSITY OF A METAL IS 3.78 g/ml. YOU HAVE 46 grams OF THE METAL. HOW MANY ml DO YOU HAVE. D = M/V or V = M/D = 46 g/3.78 g/ml V = 12.2 ml

  37. EUREKA!

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