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The Transformative Era of the Industrial Revolution: Innovations and Impacts

This overview of the Industrial Revolution highlights significant developments from 1840 to 1880, showcasing the Enclosure Movement, advancements in coal and steel production, and the evolution of transportation infrastructure, including early canals and railroads. Discover innovations like the Bessemer process, which revolutionized steel manufacturing, and learn about the harsh realities faced by child laborers in coal mines and textile factories. The era marked a shift in production methods, emphasizing capital investment over skilled labor, forever altering the landscape of industry and society.

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The Transformative Era of the Industrial Revolution: Innovations and Impacts

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  1. The Industrial Revolution By: Ms. Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

  2. The Enclosure Movement

  3. Metals, Woolens, & Canals

  4. Early Canals Britain’s Earliest Transportation Infrastructure

  5. Mine & Forge [1840-1880] • More powerful than water is coal. • More powerful than wood is iron. • Innovations make steel feasible. • “Puddling” [1820] – “pig iron.” • “Hot blast” [1829] – cheaper, purer steel. • Bessemer process [1856] – strong, flexible steel.

  6. Coalfields & Industrial Areas

  7. Coal Mining in Britain:1800-1914

  8. Young Coal Miners

  9. Child Labor in the Mines Child “hurriers”

  10. British Pig Iron Production

  11. Factory Production • Concentrates production in oneplace [materials, labor]. • Located near sources of power [rather than labor or markets]. • Requires a lot of capital investment[factory, machines, etc.] morethan skilled labor. • Only 10% of English industry in 1850.

  12. Textile FactoryWorkers in England

  13. The Factory System • Rigid schedule. • 12-14 hour day. • Dangerous conditions. • Mind-numbing monotony.

  14. Textile FactoryWorkers in England

  15. New Inventions of the Industrial Revolution

  16. John Kay’s “Flying Shuttle”

  17. The Power Loom

  18. James Watt’s Steam Engine

  19. Steam Tractor

  20. Steam Ship

  21. An Early Steam Locomotive

  22. Later Locomotives

  23. The Impact of the Railroad

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