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Muscular System

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This guide explores common muscle disorders, including strains, spasms, myalgia, tendonitis, hernias, flatfeet, tetanus, torticollis, muscular dystrophy, and myasthenia gravis. It details causes, symptoms such as soreness, pain, and swelling, and treatment options like R.I.C.E. for strains, ice application for shin splints, and physical therapy for rotator cuff disease. Understanding these conditions can help you recognize symptoms early and seek appropriate treatment to maintain muscle health and functionality.

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Muscular System

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  1. Muscular System Characteristics and Treatment of Common Muscle Disorders

  2. Musculoskeletal Disorders • Strain* • Muscle spasm* • Myalgia* • Tendonitis* • Hernia • Flatfeet • Tetanus • Torticollis • Muscular dystrophy • Myasthenia gravis

  3. Strain • Overstretching or tear of a muscle • Symptoms: • Soreness, pain, swelling, and tenderness • Treatment: • R.I.C.E.

  4. Muscle Spasm and Tendonitis • Cramp • Sustained contraction of the muscle • May occur d/t overuse of the muscle • What does tendonitis mean?

  5. Myalgia: __________ • Fibromyalgia • Hernia: organ protrudes through a weak muscle • Abdominal, inguinal, hiatal • Flatfeet (talipes): _________ • Tetanus: continuous spasms of the voluntary muscle

  6. Torticollis (wry neck): d/t inflammation of the trapezius and/or sternocleidomastoid muscle • Muscular dystrophy: group of diseases in which the muscle cells deteriorate • Myasthenia gravis (grave muscle weakness): connection b/t the nerves and muscles is lost

  7. Injuries • Tendons are not able to contract and return to their original place which makes them more susceptible to straining and tearing • Common injuries: • Tennis elbow • Shin splints • Rotator cuff disease

  8. Tennis Elbow (pg 140 figure 7-12) • Lateral epicondylitis • Occurs at the bony prominence (lateral epicondyle) on the sides of the elbow • The tendon that connects the arm muscle to the elbow becomes inflamed b/c of the repetitive use of the arm and under conditioning • Treatment: • Relief of pain, ice to reduce swelling, and avoidance of sleeping on the affected arm • Surgery is a last resort

  9. Shin Splints • Occur when there is injury to the muscle tendon in front of the shin • Prevention: • Choose a running shoe that is comfortable and has proper arch support • Treatment: • Application of ice packs, rest, and no running for 2-4 weeks

  10. Rotator Cuff Disease • Inflammation of a group of tendons that fuse together and surround the shoulder joint • Most common complaint is aching in the top and front of the shoulder and pain increases when the arm is lifted overhead • Treatment: • Rest, physical therapy, and a steroid injection to reduce pain and inflammation • If cuff has been completely torn, arthroscopy surgery may be necessary to repair it

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