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Scientific Method. Blueprint For Success. SCI.9-12.B-1.1 - [Indicator] - Generate hypotheses based on credible, accurate, and relevant sources of scientific information.
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Scientific Method Blueprint For Success
SCI.9-12.B-1.1 - [Indicator] - Generate hypotheses based on credible, accurate, and relevant sources of scientific information. • SCI.9-12.B-1.4 - [Indicator] - Design a scientific investigation with appropriate methods of control to test a hypothesis (including independent and dependent variables), and evaluate the designs of sample investigations.
*What is the scientific method? • It is the steps someone takes to identify a question, develop a hypothesis, design and carry out steps or procedures to test the hypothesis, and document observations and findings to share with someone else. • In other words, it’s a way to solve a problem.
*Define the Problem • Make sure you know what the problem is. • State the problem as a clear question. • Will the use of Exxon gasoline give my car better gas mileage?
SCI.9-12.B-1.1 - [Indicator] - Generate hypotheses based on credible, accurate, and relevant sources of scientific information. • SCI.9-12.B-1.4 - [Indicator] - Design a scientific investigation with appropriate methods of control to test a hypothesis (including independent and dependent variables), and evaluate the designs of sample investigations.
*Research the Problem • Find out all you can concerning your problem • Use the Library • Magazines • The internet • Personal Interviews
*Form a Hypothesis in the form of an “If -Then” Statement • The first part of the statement represents the problem, while the second part represents the proof you are looking for. • Examples: • If I spend my money on a new CD, then I will not have enough to go to the movies. • If I use Exxon Gasoline, then my car will get better gas mileage.
SCI.9-12.B-1.1 - [Indicator] - Generate hypotheses based on credible, accurate, and relevant sources of scientific information. • SCI.9-12.B-1.4 - [Indicator] - Design a scientific investigation with appropriate methods of control to test a hypothesis (including independent and dependent variables), and evaluate the designs of sample investigations.
*Develop a Controlled Experiment • All experiments contain variables (things found in the experiment). • The Experimental variable is the thing being tested ONLY ONE VARIABLE AT A TIME IS TESTED • The Control variables are the other things having an effect on the experimental variable. These must be kept identical.
SCI.9-12.B-1.6 - [Indicator] - Evaluate the results of a controlled scientific investigation in terms of whether they refute or verify the hypothesis
*Other Variables • The factor that is changed is known as the independent variable. • The factor that is measured or observed is called the dependent variable.
Let’s Look at an Example! Gasoline’s Affect on Car Mileage.
What are Some Possible Variables? • Car type • Gasoline type • Driver • Driving Conditions • Amount of gasoline • Tires • Extra weight in car
SCI.9-12.B-1.6 - [Indicator] - Evaluate the results of a controlled scientific investigation in terms of whether they refute or verify the hypothesis
If we are testing gasoline, what variables must be kept identical? • The cars must be of the same type. • Each car must have the same amount of gasoline. • The cars must be driven over the same course, at the same speed, and under the same weather conditions. • The cars must contain the same type of tires. • The only difference is the type of gasoline.
*Conduct the Experiment • Conduct the experiment several times. • This is important to rule out making mistakes by using too few trials. • The more trials the more specific the data.
*Analysis of Data • Examine the data and analyze it making a determination as to what it is saying. • Check to see if your data is complete or if more tests need to be conducted.
*Form a Conclusion • Apply your analyzed data to your “If- then” statement (hypothesis). • If it satisfies the statement, then your hypothesis is correct. • If not, then you need to reexamine your data and find out why. • Make sure the experiment can be reproduced producing the same results.
SCI.9-12.B-1.6 - [Indicator] - Evaluate the results of a controlled scientific investigation in terms of whether they refute or verify the hypothesis
SCI.9-12.B-1.1 - [Indicator] - Generate hypotheses based on credible, accurate, and relevant sources of scientific information. • SCI.9-12.B-1.4 - [Indicator] - Design a scientific investigation with appropriate methods of control to test a hypothesis (including independent and dependent variables), and evaluate the designs of sample investigations.