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Joints, Ligaments and Cartilage

Joints, Ligaments and Cartilage. Joints. Tibiofemoral Joint – point where the tibia meets the femur Patellofemoral joint – point where patella and femur are connected in the trochlear groove. Cartilage. There are 2 types of cartilage found in the knee

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Joints, Ligaments and Cartilage

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  1. Joints, Ligaments and Cartilage

  2. Joints • Tibiofemoral Joint – point where the tibia meets the femur • Patellofemoral joint – point where patella and femur are connected in the trochlear groove

  3. Cartilage • There are 2 types of cartilage found in the knee • Articular Cartilage – thin layer of connective tissue over ends of the bones • Found on the ends of Tibia & Femur • Menisci (plural) – Cartilage between the condyle and tibial plateau

  4. Meniscus • You have 2 menisci – Medial & Lateral • Roles: • Shock absorption • Distribute forces • Improve stability of femur as it rides on tibia • It is bathed in synovial fluid • Synovial membrane – coats inner surface of joint capsule • Contains blood vessels, lymph vessels, nerves • Produces synovial fluid • Only about 4 cells thick • Synovial Fluid • Lubricates surfaces • Supplies nutrients

  5. Ligaments • 4 major ligaments that connect the tibia and femur • They control and guide the tibia and femur • Work together as a team

  6. Two of the them are on the outside of the capsule and they run parallel to each other, going vertically • Medial & Lateral Collateral Ligaments (MCL & LCL) • MCL attaches the Femur to the Tibia • LCL attaches the Femur to the Fibula • They give the knee medial and lateral support

  7. Inside the Joint are 2 ligaments • ACL (anterior cruciate ligament) • Connects to the anterior side of tibial plateau • Restricts anterior movement of tibia on femur • PCL (posterior cruciate ligament) • Connects to the posterior side of tibial plateau • Restricts posterior movement of tibia on femur • In latin Cruciate means cross • These 2 ligaments cross each other at the joint

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