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High-Quality Food from Crop and Livestock under Water Scarcity

High-Quality Food from Crop and Livestock under Water Scarcity. Universität Hohenheim Life Science Center Coordination Office SFB/TRR — UHOH & HUJ. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment Faculty Research Committee.

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High-Quality Food from Crop and Livestock under Water Scarcity

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  1. High-Quality Food fromCropand Livestock underWaterScarcity Universität Hohenheim Life Science Center Coordination Office SFB/TRR — UHOH & HUJ The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment Faculty Research Committee Concept of a joint Collaborative Research Center/Transregio (SFB/TRR) of Universität Hohenheim and The Hebrew University of Jerusalem

  2. High-Quality Food fromCropand Livestock underWaterScarcity WaterScarcity A Central Problem for Global Agriculture ─ aggravatedbyClimatic Change ─ is Agricultural Plant & AnimalProduction Environment With severe impact on Consumer Protection & Food Quality Socio-Political Tension Accumulationof Positive andAvoi-danceof Negative Food Compounds More Efficientand Environmental Friendly Irrigation Systems Approaches arerequired for Adaptation ofCropand Livestock toDroughtandSalinity UnderUseof Alternative WaterSources

  3. High-Quality Food fromCropand Livestock underWaterScarcity Useof Alternative WaterSources • Salty/ContaminatedWaterfromtheAquifer • TreatedWastewater • DesalinatedWater Cluster Connecting • Joint Research Methods • Analysis of Xenobiotics • Measurement of Ethylene Emission as Stress Indicator • Proteomics • Genomics • Bioinformatics • Joint Research Subjects • Tomato • Barley • Fish • Broiler Chicken

  4. Integrated Interdisciplinary Research to High-Quality Food fromCropand Livestock underWaterScarcity Generatebasicknowledgeaboutmetabolicpathwaysandtheircontrol on theleveloforganisms in thesoil, water, plantsand livestock underconditionsofwaterscarcity Generatebasicknowledge on mechanismsandtechnologiestosafeguardqualityofproductsderivedfromproductionunderwaterscarcity Developeconometricmodelsexplicitlyincorporatingconsequencesofagriculturalproductionunderwaterscarcity Connect newfindingsfrombasicresearchofadherentdisciplinestoidentifystrategiesforproblemsolutions

  5. High-Quality Food fromCropand Livestock underWaterScarcity Integrated Interdisciplinary Approach Combining Disciplinary Basic Research on Genetic & Physiological Basis of Adaptation and Mitigation • Aims • A To explore the effects of water scarcity on the quantity and quality of irrigation water and the consequences on soils and plants • B To explore and enhance possibilities of adaptation of crops to stress through reduced water availability and quality • C To explore and enhance possibilities of adaptation of livestock to stress through reduced water availability and quality • D To avoid negative impacts of water stress (water quality, residues) on food quality and to find options for designing food with positive impacts on health testing physiologically/genetically better adapted varieties • E To examine the effects of water scarcity and policies on intra- and intersectoral efficiency and distribution and to improve depiction of water issues in regionalized models at different stages of sectoral coverage and aggregation

  6. High-Quality Food fromCropand Livestock underWaterScarcity Cluster Z ─ Project Management Project Speakers: Valle Zárate (UHOH) / Czosnek (HUJ) Deputies: Breer (UHOH) / Wolf (HUJ) Coordinators: Klumpp, Neff (UHOH) / Lavon (HUJ) Cluster B Crop Physiology and Breeding Schmid/ZamirSchaller/Fridman Cluster A SoilandWater Fangmeier/GrünzweigStreck/Wallach Cluster E CompetitionforWater Grethe/FinkelshtainDabbert/Kan Cluster D Food Quality andSafety Fischer/SaguyBreer/Nussinovitch Cluster C Livestock Physiology and Breeding Valle Zàrate/Uni N.N./van Rijn

  7. High-Quality Food fromCropand Livestock underWaterScarcity A2 – Ecophysiology José M. Grünzweig (HUJ) Andreas Fangmeier (UHOH) A3 – Xenobiotics Benny Chefetz (HUJ) Walter Vetter (UHOH) A1 – Deficit Irrigation Rony Wallach (HUJ) Thilo Streck (UHOH) • Expression of drought tolerance of wild barley ecotypes • Carbon sequestration in plants and soils • Crop yield affected by marginal water & compost/sludge application • Fate of waste-water originated xenobiotics in the environment • Sorption interaction of xenobiotics with soil constituents • Uptake, accumulation and distribution in plants • Soil hydrophobicity affected by marginal water & compost/sludge application • Deficit irrigation with marginal water and its effect on crop yield and quality • Photo-acoustic measure-ment of ethylene as stress and quality indicator in plants Cluster A ─ SoilandWater Cluster Leaders: Fangmeier (UHOH) / Grünzweig (HUJ) Deputies: Streck (UHOH) / Wallach (HUJ) Aim To explore the effects of water scarcity on the quantity and quality of irrigation water and the consequences on soils and plants

  8. High-Quality Food fromCropand Livestock underWaterScarcity Cluster B ─ CropPhysiologyandBreeding Cluster Leaders: Schmid (UHOH) / Zamir (HUJ) Deputies: Schaller (UHOH) / Fridman (HUJ) Aim To explore and enhance possibilities of adaptation to stress through reduced water availability and quality B2 – Barley and Tomato Breeding Eval Fridman & Daniel Zamir (HUJ) Karl Schmid (UHOH) B3 – Tomato and Sclerotinia Oded Yarden (HUJ) Otmar Spring (UHOH) B4 – Tomato Genes and Proteins Hanokh H. Czosnek & Zach Adam (HUJ) Andreas Schaller (UHOH) B1 – Barley and Tomato Stress Physiology Menachem Moshelion & Alon Samach (HUJ) Jens Wünsche & Martin Hegele (UHOH) • Strategy for water balance regulation and ionic homeostasis • Role of phytohormones and metabolites for water stress tolerance • Optimal flowering strategies • Efficient exploitation of natural genetic variation for plant breeding • Stress indicators in different genotypes • Food quality traits in cultivars and introgression lines • Susceptibility and interaction of tomato and white rot • Influence of water regimes on host-pathogen interactions • Identification of candidate genes and proteins • Proteomic analyses of stress response to abiotic and biotic stress • Breeding of drought and disease resistant tomato lines

  9. High-Quality Food fromCropand Livestock underWaterScarcity Cluster C ─ Livestock PhysiologyandBreeding Cluster Leaders: Valle Zárate (UHOH) / Uni (HUJ) Deputies: N.N. (UHOH) / van Rijn (HUJ) Aim To explore and enhance possibilities of adaptation to stress through reduced water availability and quality C1 – Broiler Genetics AvigdorCahaner (HUJ) Anne Valle Zárate (UHOH) C2 – Broiler Skeleton and Stress Ron Shahar (HUJ) Werner Bessei(UHOH) C3 – Broiler Gastrointestinal Physiology Zehava Uni (HUJ) Karin Schwarzenbacher (UHOH) C4 – Fish, Water Quality and Stress Jaap van Rijn & Berta Sivan (HUJ) N.N. (UHOH) • Manipulation of water quality in intensive fish culture systems by biological purification of recycled water • Hormonal changes responding to stress in intensive culture systems and fish reproduction • Genetic variation in water uptake • Genetic differences in tolerance to water quality • Genetic relation between water uptake, performance and meat quality • Effects of desalinated water on architecture of bones • Behavior and behavioral physiology of stress response • Adaptation to altered water quality • Cellular/molecular changes in the mucosa • Chemosensory and osmosensory systems of adaptive processes

  10. High-Quality Food fromCropand Livestock underWaterScarcity Cluster D ─ Food Quality andSafety Cluster Leaders : Fischer (UHOH) / Saguy (HUJ) Deputies: Breer (UHOH) / Nussinovitch (HUJ) Aim To avoid negative impacts of water stress (water quality, residues) on food quality and to find options for designing food with positive impacts on health testing physiologically/genetically better adapted varieties D3 – Barley Biotechnology Sam Saguy & Hagai Abeliovich (HUJ) Lutz Fischer (UHOH) D1 – Encapsulating Biofunctional Components Amos Nussinovitch & Oren Froy (HUJ) Jochen Weiss (UHOH) D2 – Food Flavor and Chemosensory Cells Masha Niv & Roni Shapira (HUJ) Heinz Breer (UHOH) D4 – Barley and Tomato Micronutrients Zohar Kerem & Oren Tirosh (HUJ) Hans Konrad Biesalski & Donatus Nohr (UHOH) D5 – Probiotics and E. coli from Broiler and Fish Ilan Rosenshine & Nahum Shpigel (HUJ) Herbert Schmidt (UHOH) • New functional peptides from barley proteins • Enzyme and protein profiles of barley grown under water scarcity • Enzymatic or fermentative generation of biofunctional peptides from barley • Technologies for micro- and macro-encapsulation of biofunctional ingredients • Characterization of target compounds and interaction with food compounds • Effects of water scarcity on flavor quality of food • Interaction of micronutrients with target proteins in chemosensory cells • Composition & levels of selected quality compounds • Bioavailability studies using cell lines, model animals and humans • Molecular interaction of probiotic micro-organisms with entero-pathogenic E. coli from poultry and fish • Biofunctional properties of new probiotic lines

  11. High-Quality Food fromCropand Livestock underWaterScarcity Cluster E ─ CompetitionforWater Cluster Leaders: Grethe (UHOH) / Finkelshtain (HUJ) Deputies: Dabbert (UHOH) / Kan (HUJ) Aim To examine the effects of water scarcity and policies on intra- and intersectoral efficiency and distribution and to improve depiction of water issues in regionalized models at different stages of sectoral coverage and aggregation E1 – Water Price and Policy Scenarios Israel Finkelshtain (HUJ) Harald Grethe (UHOH) E2 – Modeling Water Scarcity Iddo Kan & Ayal Kimhi (HUJ) Stephan Dabbert(UHOH) • Incorporation of water quantity and quality in a regionalized Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) • Political economy of water distribution within agriculture and the Israeli economy • Improving Positive Mathematical Programming (PMP) model calibration based on econometric approaches • Incorporation of regional information from agent-based models • Incorporation of responses to water quality and quantity in PMP models

  12. High-Quality Food fromCropand Livestock underWaterScarcity A Soil and Water A1Deficit Irrigation A3Xenobiotics A2Ecophysiology Crop Physiology & Breeding C B Livestock Breeding & Physiology C1Broiler Genetics C4Fish, Water Quality & Stress B1Barley & Tomato Stress Physiology B2Barley & Tomato Breeding C2Broiler Skeleton & Stress C3 Broiler Gastrointestinal Physiology B4Tomato Genes and Proteins B3Tomato & Sclerotinia Food Quality & Safety D D1Encapsulating Biofunctional Components D3Barley Biotechnology D4Barley & Tomato Micronutrients D2Food Flavor & Chemosensory Cells D5Probiotics & E. coli from Broiler & Fish E Competitionfor Water E1Water Price & Policy Scenarios E2Modeling Water Scarcity Project Management Project Speakers:Valle Zárate/Czosnek; Deputies:Breer/Wolf; Coordinators:Klumpp/Neff/Lavon Z

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