The Roman Empire 6-2

1. The Roman Empire 6-2

2. By the 3rd century B.C., the Romans conquered the Italian peninsula & began to exert power in the Mediterranean world But, the growth of Rome threatened________, the superpower of the Mediterranean world

3. In a series of battles known as the___________, Rome defeated Carthage & began the dominant power in the Mediterranean

4. After the Punic Wars, Rome conquered new territories & gained great________ One of the generals who led Rome’s expansion was a politician named_____________

5. Problems for the Roman Republic • Rome’s expansion brought wealth, but also created problems: • The addition of new lands & sources of slave labor increased the gap between the___________________ • ______________who controlled the ____________became more powerful than the politicians in the__________ • Struggles for power led to a series of ________________in Rome

6. The Rise & Fall of Julius Caesar Julius Caesar took advantage of the ________in Rome & was named ____________in 46 B.C. He initiated a series of reforms that offered Roman ______________to conquered people & created new______________ Many ___________feared Caesar’s popularity & power as ________of Rome

7. In 44 B.C., Senators _____________Julius Caesar

8. The assassination led to another ___________led by Caesar’s adopted nephew _____________&his best general, __________________

9. End of the Republic & Rise of the Empire • Caesar’s death changed Rome: • People no longer trusted the __________to rule Rome & the Roman Republic came to an end & the empire _____ began began

10. The Rise of the Roman Empire Octavian emerged as the unchallenged leader of Rome, was given the title ___________(“Exalted One”), & became Rome’s first________ Under Augustus, Rome was ruled as an____________; the Senate still met but the emperor had all the real power

13. The Pax Romana • Augustus’ ______year reign marked the beginning of a 207-year era of________, wealth, & expansion known as the Pax Romana (“the Roman Peace”) from 27 B.C. to 180 A.D. Pax Romana

14. During the____________, the empire expanded to its height & brought great wealth to Rome

15. The Pax Romana became the “____________” of Rome as emperors like Augustus built _______& a merit-based bureaucracy to rule the empire Roman aqueducts brought water to cities

16. Roman architects used new styles like ___________ & ________to beautify cities

17. Emperors built __________& used chariot races, _____________events, & theater to entertain the____________________ The Roman Coliseum

20. Conclusions • Rome expanded from a city, to a_____________, to an empire • The era of the Roman Republic introduced____________________________ • The era of the Roman Empire sparked the Pax Romana & the “golden age” of Roman ______________& culture