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This chapter offers insights into gathering reliable data from reputable sources such as the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Census Bureau. It highlights critical aspects to evaluate when analyzing data, including its nominal vs. real status, seasonal adjustments, and annualization. The chapter also explores various types of graphs—univariate, time series plots, histograms, scatterplots, bar charts, and pie charts—which are essential for effective data representation. Key considerations for creating and interpreting graphs, including linear relationships, seasonal patterns, outliers, and distribution, are also discussed.
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Chapter 3 Graphics
Getting Data • Bureau of Labor Statistics • Census Bureau • FRED-St. Louis Federal Reserve • Penn World Tables • Bos’s Homepage • DRI S&P Database
Things to check • Reputation of data source • Is your data nominal or real? • Is your data seasonally adjusted? • Is the data annualized? • Is the data expressed as a percentage? • KNOW WHAT YOU ARE MEASURING!
Graphs • Univariate • Time series plot • Histogram • Multivariate • Scatterplot • Bar Charts • Pie Chart
Items to check on a graph • Is there a linear relationship? • Is there seasonality? • Are there outliers? • Is the data roughly normally distributed?
Tricky graphs • Aspect Ratio • Chartjunk • Scale • Units