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Mexico and the United States

This analysis explores the similarities and differences between the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of Mexico and the United States. It highlights the structure and powers of each branch, including bicameral legislatures, terms of office, and the roles of executive leaders. Key comparisons include the differences in election processes, representation, and judicial systems. Educational resources are provided for further understanding of the two countries' governmental frameworks, making it a valuable reference for students and scholars alike.

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Mexico and the United States

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  1. Mexico and the United States Comparing the Three Branches Joe Johnson Tommy Thompson Sally Sanders

  2. The Legislative BranchbyJoe Johnson

  3. Similarities - Structure • Bicameral Legislatures – Senate and Chamber of Deputies • Two Senators represent each state • Equal representation + proportional representation

  4. Similarities - Powers • Pass laws, impose taxes, declare war • Approve treaties and confirm presidential appointments (Senate) • Committees study and recommend bills

  5. Other Similarities • Chamber of Deputies = House of Representatives – initiates all budget matters • Has the power to impeach and remove the President

  6. Differences – Terms of Office Mexico Senate = 6 year terms/House = 2 year term No term limits Senate = 6 years/Chamber of Deputies = 3 years May not serve consecutive terms United States

  7. Differences - Representation Mexico Senate = equal representation House = proportional representation Both Houses have a mix of equal and proportional representation United States

  8. Differences – Legislation Mexico Most legislation introduced by Congress Up to 90% of legislation proposed by the President United States

  9. The Executive BranchbyTommy Thompson

  10. Similarities – Duties • Serves as both Chief of State and Head of Government • Appoints cabinet members and federal judges

  11. Similarities - Powers • Meets with leaders of other nations • Makes treaties and handles foreign policy

  12. Similarities – Qualifications • Must be a native born citizen • Must be at least 35 years old

  13. Differences – Terms of Office Mexico Serves a 4 year term of office May be elected to two terms Serves one 6 year term May not be re-elected United States

  14. Differences – Election and Succession Mexico Elected by the Electoral Vote (must have majority) Succeeded by a Vice-President Elected by a Popular Vote (no majority is necessary) No Vice-President (Congress chooses and interim President) United States

  15. Differences – Powers and Party Mexico Less influence over Congress and state governors Two-party system = Democrats & Republicans A great deal of influence over Congress and state governors One dominant political party = PRI United States

  16. The Judicial BranchbySally Sanders

  17. Similarities – Structure • One Supreme Court • Several different levels of courts

  18. Similarities – Nomination and Term of Office • Justices nominated by the President and approved by the Senate • Serve for life

  19. Similarities – Judicial System • Different levels include district courts and circuit courts • Justices can be impeached

  20. Differences – Number of Justices Mexico Nine justices make up the Supreme Court Supreme Court of Justice includes 21 ministers or judges United States

  21. Differences – Requirements Mexico No specific requirements to be a Supreme Court Justice Must be citizens by birth, thirty-five to sixty-fiver years old, and hold a law degree United States

  22. Differences – Judicial System Mexico Supreme Court Courts of Appeals District Courts Supreme Court of Justice Collegiate Circuit Courts Unitary Circuit Courts District Courts United States

  23. Sources: • CIA World Factbook: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mx.html • Library of Congress Country Studies: http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/mxtoc.html • At least one other source:

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