1 / 31

The Biology of Psychology: Neurons and Brain Connections

Explore the intricate relationship between Biology and Psychology, focusing on the Nervous and Endocrine Systems, different types of Neurons, and the neural communication process through Action Potential and Synapse. Understand how these biological elements influence behavior and cognition.

elise
Télécharger la présentation

The Biology of Psychology: Neurons and Brain Connections

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Unit 2 – Biology of Psychology Day 1 - Neurons Because when you say someone’s “wires are crossed” you might actually be correct

  2. Objectives • Understand the relationship between “Biology” and “Psychology” • Identify the two major systems that affect biological psychology • Compare the three types of Neurons • Terms:  • Biology • Nervous System • Endocrine System • Neurons • Sensory Neuron • Motor Neuron • Interneuron • Dendrite • Axon • Myelin Sheath • Action Potential • Synapse

  3. Remind Me… • What is “Psychology”? • What do we mean by “mind”? • HOW could we study that? • Can we learn everything about the “mind” just by the methods we’ve already looked at? • Are there any “internal” factors / variables?

  4. BIOLOGY • The Study of Life • Includes Structure, Function, Growth, and Evolution • Why might those be important for Psychology? • And, in fact, there is an endless debate in Psychology over which influences our behavior more, our biology, or our environment • We call that “Nature Vs. Nurture” and will discuss it MUCH more next term.

  5. BIOLOGY • In studying the biological basis of psychology, we are concerned with TWO SYSTEMS • 1) Nervous System • Our senses – Things happen, we encounter stimulus, and our brain interprets them • 2) Endocrine System • The reaction – How we think, feel, or change as a result of stimulus

  6. NERVOUS and ENDOCRINE • BOTH of these systems use chemical “messengers” to send signals • What is different is the SPEED and the PURPOSE of each • Today, we will focus on the Nervous System…

  7. NEURONS: You ARE Hard-Wired • To understand how the body interprets stimuli, you need to understand the “connectors” that receive, send, and store signals. • NEURONS • A nerve cell • The basic building block of the Nervous System • They come in three types…

  8. Three Types of Neurons • 1) SENSORY NEURONS • 2) MOTOR NEURONS • 3) INTERNEURONS Neutron, NOT Neuron

  9. SENSORY NEURONS • Incoming Information • The “senses” send signals to the brain • Cadet Cook’s nose feels his finger when he touches it.

  10. MOTOR NEURONS • Outgoing Information • The brain sends “signals” to the muscles, and limbs • Cadet Matos pets the doggie and sucks his thumb.

  11. INTERNEURONS • The Middlemen • Intercommunication – from one part of the brain to another • Interpret what Sensory said, and tell Motor what to do • Cadet De Los Reyes sees a camera, so she and her friend then feel the need to pose, and do so.

  12. And now the pieces… • All of those neurons look, roughly, the same. So let’s look at the parts…. • Dendrite • Axon • Myelin Sheath • Nerve Endings • Plus, we’ll look at the two “steps” in the process • Action Potential • Synapse

  13. The Parts • DENDRITE • The branched projection • Information Collector • Gets the INPUT • Like your battery pack, or whatever is plugged in

  14. The Parts • AXON(s) • The long, thin connectors • Sends information • The OUTPUT • Like the electrical cord

  15. The Parts • NERVE ENDINGS • Self-explanatory • Connects one Neuron to another • The plug on the cord

  16. The Parts • MYELIN SHEATH • Not a Ninja Weapon  • The white fatty case on the axon • The insulator • Much like wires are covered, usually, with plastic or rubber

  17. Neurons

  18. Neurons

  19. Neurons

  20. Neurons

  21. Neurons

  22. Neurons

  23. The Process • ACTION POTENTIAL • A neural impulse • Travels down the axons • cord plugged in, electricity going down in • SYNAPSE • Where nerve endings connects to another neuron’s dendrite • The “plug” in the wall

  24. How Neurons Communicate

  25. How Neurons Communicate

  26. How Neurons Communicate

  27. How Neurons Communicate

  28. So what? • Well, in our final unit when we discuss abnormalities in psychology, you will see that many have to do with this process • Sometimes, there is a failure of Action Potential (axons aren’t firing) • Other times, it’s the synapse (things aren’t connecting) • Also, and even cooler, we can STOP some of these processes…. • Why would we ever do that?

  29. The Nervous System • This system is our “senses” • We see, hear, touch, taste, smell • How important is it, then, for them to work correctly? • NEXT TIME: Nervous System Map / “Brain Games” • Monday – Hormones (Why Jr High isn’t lit) • QUIZ COMING October 4th!

  30. Objectives • Understand the relationship between “Biology” and “Psychology” • Identify the two major systems that affect biological psychology • Compare the three types of Neurons • Terms:  • Biology • Nervous System • Endocrine System • Neurons • Sensory Neuron • Motor Neuron • Interneuron • Dendrite • Axon • Myelin Sheath • Action Potential • Synapse

More Related