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Neurons

Neurons. The human brain. Thought experiment. Scientist have discovered that the brain has about 83 billion neurons. How do they know?. General Morphology of a Neuron. Axon Hillock. Nodes of Ranvier. Biology of a Neuron. Neurons are Diverse. Neurons Can be Classified by Morphology.

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Neurons

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  1. Neurons

  2. The human brain

  3. Thought experiment • Scientist have discovered that the brain has about 83 billion neurons. • How do they know?

  4. General Morphology of a Neuron Axon Hillock Nodes of Ranvier

  5. Biology of a Neuron

  6. Neurons are Diverse

  7. Neurons Can be Classified by Morphology

  8. The Axon is a Long Process • Moving a protein from one end of a (6ft) long sensory neuron to the other would take weeks. • For faster communication the neuron uses the electronic potential of the cell membrane. • This electronic transfer allows information to travel 6 feet in about 2/100ths of a second.

  9. Cell membrane

  10. Ion Channels Voltage gated Ligand gated Leak

  11. Action Potential Na+ Resting Threshold K+

  12. Thought experiment • How can a neuron encode information? • How can one neuron communicate to an entire brain?

  13. Myelin Sheath

  14. Myelin Sheath Increases the Speed of Action Potential Propagation Unmyelinated Myelinated

  15. Synapse Presynaptic terminal Mitochondria Synaptic vesicle Synaptic Cleft Neurotransmitter receptor Postsynaptic bouton

  16. Post synaptic potentials

  17. Neurons form neural networks

  18. Neuroglia Fun fact: Glia outnumber neurons in the brain 3 to 1.

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