L I F E S C I E N C E

1. L I F E S C I E N C E Smoking An Addiction Prepared By Margaret E. Rousset

2. Missouri ABE/ASE Content Standards • Adult Education Content Standards for Roles in the Family, the Workplace, and the Community Science and Technology GOAL 2: Develop an understanding of the individual’s role in maintaining good personal, family, and community health. Standard 4: Explore the impications of substance use and abuse. • Identify behavioral and health changes associated with the use or abuse of various substances. • Identify the effects of substance abuse on the family, workplace, and community. • Evaluate resources for prevention of substance abuse.

3. Tobacco • You most likely know that tobacco is a plant. It has large leaves that have been smoked in many forms for at least 2,000 years. NO FORM OF TOBACCO IS SAFE!!! NOT CIGARETTES, NOT CIGARS, NOT CHEWING TOBACCO OR PIPES. THEY ARE ALL DANGEROUS BECAUSE THEY ALL CONTAIN CHEMICALS THAT KILL!!!!

4. Tobacco Facts • Every eight seconds someone in the world dies from a tobacco related illness/disease. • On average, smokers die nearly seven years earlier than nonsmokers. Smoking is responsible for one out of five American deaths.

5. Tobacco Facts 3. In the U.S., smoking kills more people than cocaine, heroin, alcohol, fire, automobile accidents, homicides, suicides, and AIDS combined. 4. Reports of the Surgeon General conclude that smoking cigarettes causes heart disease, lung and esophageal cancer, and chronic lung disease. Cigarette smoking contributes to cancer of the bladder, pancreas, and kidney.

6. Tobacco Facts • Consequences of using smokeless tobacco include cancer of the gum, mouth, pharynx, larynx, and esophagus. • Men who smoke increase their risk of death from lung cancer by more than 22 times and from bronchitis and emphysema by nearly 10 times.

7. Tobacco Facts 7. Women who smoke increase their risk of dying from lung cancer by nearly 12 times and the risk of dying from bronchitis and emphysema by more than 10 times. 8. Smoking triples the risk of dying from heart disease among middle-aged men and women.

8. Tobacco Facts 9. 90% of adult smokers are addicted to tobacco before they reach the age of 18. 10. 50% before the age of 14. • Currently the average age of initiation to tobacco is age 11. • Smoking costs the nation $193 billion in medical expenses and lost productivity annually.

9. Tobacco Facts 48 million adults smoke in the U.S. (22.9% of the population, overall) 33%of youth currently smoke. 440,000 people die needlessly every year.....1,200 people who die every day.... because of their addiction to cigarettes

10. Short Term Effects • Addiction to nicotine (The younger an adolescent is when he begins to smoke, the more severe his level of nicotine addiction is likely to be.) • The risk of using other drugs. • Blood vessels constrict (narrow) and this decreases blood flow which causes a rise in blood pressure. • A slight drop in body temperature. • Shortness of breath. • Carbon monoxide replaces oxygen carried by the blood.

11. Short Term Effects • An increase in the amount of acid released into the stomach. • A decrease in the formation of urine. • Decrease in the ability to exercise. • Sense of taste and smell are dulled. • Teeth, fingers, and lips become stained yellow.

12. The Effects of Smoking on Social Life • Young people offer the following reasons for not dating smokers: • They have bad breath. • You can’t get close to someone who smokes. • It tastes bad to kiss them • You have to breathe their smoke • Their hair and clothes smell • Their teeth are yellow • They have dirty-looking hands

13. Long Term Effects • Skin • Smoking makes you look older • It makes your skin dry and leathery • Wrinkles appear sooner • If you get skin cancer, you are more likely to die from it because smoking weakens your immune system

14. Long Term Effects • Hair Loss • A study in the British Medical Journal has found that smokers are • Twice as likely to lose their hair • Four times as likely to have premature gray hair • Smoking messes up your immune system

15. Long Term Effects • Brain • Nicotine is addictive as heroin, and it alters how the brain works • It acts on brain cells that influence: • Mood • Concentration • Learning • Alertness

16. Long Term Effects • Cataracts • Smoking causes cataracts • A cataract is a clouding of the lens of the eye • The more a person smokes, the greater the chance of getting cataracts

17. Long Term Effects • Hearing Loss • Smoking constricts (narrows) the blood vessels to the eardrums • This causes smokers to start to lose their hearing earlier than people who don’t smoke.

18. Long Term Effects • Mouth • Smoking causes wrinkles around the mouth and on the lips • Smoking causes many kinds of cancers: • Lip cancer • Mouth cancer • Throat cancer • Tongue cancer

19. Long Term Effects • Mouth continued • Smoking makes it harder for saliva to remove germs in the mouth. • This contributes to • Gum disease • Bad breath • Discolored teeth • Loss of teeth • Decrease in ability to taste and smell

20. Long Term Effects • Throat • Smokers are at risk of developing tumors of the throat • Surgical removal of the tumor may be necessary, including the vocal cords (laryngectomy) • Artificial vocal cords may be implanted • Voice aids may be used

21. Two Indian Smokers • Smokers Two Indian smokers, one enjoying a cigarette, the other after being operated on for cancer.

22. Long Term Effects • Heart Disease • Smoking reduces the amount of oxygen to the heart muscle • Heart beats faster • Smokers have short breath • Smokers can have chest pain • Arteries get clogged • Smokers have less chance of surviving a heart attack than non-smokers

23. Long Term Effects • Lungs • Chronic bronchitis • The build up of puss and mucus - coughing a lot • Emphysema - air sacs in your lungs swell and burst • Lung cancer

24. Long Term Effects • Stomach • Heartburn • Peptic ulcers

25. Long Term Effects • Other Cancers • Smoking also causes these cancers:

26. Long Term Effects • Impotency • Men who smoke have increased risk of Impotency (The inability to have an erection.) • Problems in Pregnancy • Greater risk of miscarriages, still births, and premature and/or low-birth weight babies

27. Really Long Term Effects • Early Death • Often death occurs 20 or more years early • This is preventable.

29. The Cost of Cigarettes • In April 2009, tax on a pack of cigarettes will increase by about 62 cents, bringing the total tax to about a dollar. For cartons, which include 10 packs, the tax will increase from $3.90 to $10. • Let’s figure the cost: • $4.20 X 1 pack a day X 365 days X 50 years = $76,650 • $4.20 X 2 pack a day X 365 days X 50 years = $153,300 • $4.20 X 3 pack a day X 365 days X 50 years = $229,950 You get the idea…. The taxes are expected to raise about $35 billion over the next 5 years to provide medical coverage to an additional 4 million uninsured children. The tax on cigarettes is one component of the Children’s Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act, an expansion of the insurance program, signed into law Feb. 4, 2009 by President Barack Obama.

30. Think of all the money you can save for your children!!!

31. Quitting Tobacco Use • Set your goals clearly. Keep a journal. • Reward yourself for meeting your goals. • Pace yourself - quitting can take a while • Be realistic. Be careful not to set goals, including a timeline for quitting, that are higher than you can meet. • Don’t give up!!!

32. 13 Best Quit-Smoking Tips Ever • http://www.webmd.com/smoking-cessation/slideshow-13-best-quit-smoking-tips-ever