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Exploring Planet Earth's Rock Cycle

Discover the fascinating journey of Earth's rocks over 4.6 billion years. From molten metal and rocks to the formation of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks, delve into the lithosphere and the rock cycle.

emanuele-yadiel
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Exploring Planet Earth's Rock Cycle

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  1. LITHOSPHERE ROCK CYCLE

  2. Theage of PlanetEarth ... • Earth is about4,6 billionyearsold! • In the beginning Earthconsisted of moltenmetal and rocks. • Heavymetalssunkdeeper and lightermetalsfloatedatthe top.

  3. Earth is ahugeball and consists of fourconcentriclayers Crust Mantle Outercore Inner core

  4. Thecrust is athinlayer - almostlikethepeel of anapple.

  5. OCEANIC CRUST CONTINENTAL CRUST MANTLE

  6. THE CRUST • Thecrust of theearthlookssolid, butmovesconstantlyonthemoltenmantle. • Thecrust is dividedintohugeplates, thetectonicplates. • Thecrusts of thecontinentsconsistofgranite and quartz, whiletheoceaniccrustconsists of basalt. • Theoutermostlayer of themantle and thecrustformthelithosphere.

  7. Basalt is solidifiedlava

  8. Granitequarry

  9. Quartz

  10. Tectonicplates https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1-HwPR_4mP4&feature=player_detailpage

  11. Therockcycle

  12. Threemaintypes of rock • Igneousrock • Sedimentaryrock • Metamorphicrock

  13. Igneousrock • FromGreek word meaning„fire”. • Moltenrock is called magma. • Whenmagma coolsdown and solidifies, igneousrockis formed. • Graniteformswhen magma coolsslowly and form big crystals. • Basalt and pumiceformwhen magma coolsfaster and formsmallcrystals. • Pumice also hasmanyholes – spacesfilledwith air/ bubbleswhenstill hot.

  14. WE ALL KNOW PUMICE STONE

  15. SEDIMENTARY ROCK – it is difficulttobelievethatthe Karoo was onceaninlandsea, untilyou see the koppies and layers of sedimantaryrock

  16. Different types of sediment form different types of sedimentaryrock

  17. Sedimentaryrock • Sedimentaryrockformswhenrockfragments and mineralparticlessettleatthebottom of thesea, alakeorariver. • Overtimethelayers of sand, silt and claybecomecementedtogetherunderhighpressure. • Sandstone, shale and limestone are examples of sedimentaryrock.

  18. Weatheredsandstone

  19. Metamorphicrock • Metamorphicrockformswhenigneousorsedimentaryrock are heatedor put underhighpressurefor a long time. • Marble and slate are metamorphicrocktypesthatcamefromsedimentaryrock put underheat and pressure.

  20. Slaterock Slateroofing

  21. Marble • Marble formswhenlimestone, asedimentaryrock, undergoesheat and pressure. • Themainmineral in marble (and limestone) is calciumcarbonate (CaCO3), givingitawhitecolour. • Thecolours of marble are duetootherminerals e.g. red marblecontainsironoxide.

  22. White marblequarry in Tuscany Statue of Herakles

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