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Generals become Dictators. Part 2. By 70 B.C., Rome controlled all the land around the Mediterranean Sea . They controlled an area about the size of the United States. But this expansion brought about change in the Republic. .
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Generals become Dictators Part 2
By 70 B.C., Rome controlled all the land around the Mediterranean Sea. They controlled an area about the size of the United States. But this expansion brought about change in the Republic.
The army was now made up of professional soldiers, mostly poor citizens who couldn't find any other work. • They were fighting for money, not for Rome, but only if they won!
These soldiers were only loyal to the generals who hired them and paid them with land and money. • Power-hungry generals fought one another for control of the government.
Caesar was born into the Julii family. This was one of the oldest families of the patricians. They claimed to be descendants of Venus.
He grew up in an insula. • This was a multistory apartment house
He was raised by his father, C. Julius Caesar, and his mother, Aurelia, in the subura. The subura was a heavily populated area in Rome.
Caesar married, Cornelia, the daughter of a Senator (who was a Popular). She gave birth to his daughter Julia.
Caesar’s aunt, Julia (on his father’s side), marriedGaius Marius. Marius was a famous general and had been elected as consul six times. He had reformed the army to allow people who did not own property to serve. These men were rewarded with plundering.
Another of Rome’s other successful generals, Sulla, became a fierce rival to Gaius Marius.
Upon returning from a battle, Sulla decided to come back to Rome as a dictator.
His first steps were to kill all those who he saw as a threat to his power. He made a list of all those he wanted dead and promised their possessions to the person that killed them.
On that list was Caesar's father in law (the father of Caesar’s wife).
Caesar helped aid his father in law escape death. Sulla found out and threatened to have him killed unless he swore that he would divorce his wife, Cornelia. Caesar refused.
Sulla put out an order for Caesar to be killed, but Caesar was able to escape.
During his escape, Caesar was kidnapped and held for ransom by pirates.
While Caesar was away Sulla died. Rome was no longer under the control of a dictator.
Caesar returned to the site of his captivity and had his kidnappers crucified.
