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Emily McIntyre 3378148

Community Roundtables for Tourism-Related Conflicts: The Dialectics of Concensus and Process Structures. Emily McIntyre 3378148. Outline Plan. Introduction Tourism Planning and Development Case Study: Canmore, Alberta Initiating and Convening GMC Stakeholder Criteria The Shotgun Rule

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Emily McIntyre 3378148

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  1. Community Roundtables for Tourism-Related Conflicts: The Dialectics of Concensus and Process Structures Emily McIntyre 3378148

  2. Outline Plan • Introduction • Tourism Planning and Development • Case Study: Canmore, Alberta • Initiating and Convening • GMC Stakeholder Criteria • The Shotgun Rule • Benefits • Limitation • Conclusion

  3. Introduction Close in culture due to: -globalization -modernization -increased mobility of people and cultures Therefore, an emphasis is being put on a community-based approach to sustainable tourism

  4. Tourism Plannng and Development • A political domain • Also needs cooperative alliances between public and private sector stakeholders • This research highlights the importance of the notion of a ‘concensus’ • Case study used to explain issues, examples and implications of reaching a concensus

  5. Case study: Canmore, Alberta Interviews and public meetings to gain rich information on the stakeholders perspectives of community-based tourism processes Inherent need as Canmore, is socio-economically reliant on tourism devolopment which is leading to pressures on this mountain destination GMC: A community based collaboration initiation in 1994 GMC’s aim: A shift from political-based decision making to community-based decision making

  6. Initiating and Convening • Key stakeholders: developers, NGO’s, cultural groups, etc. • Conditions of Decisions based on: • Comprimising, Collaboration and reaching a Concensus • Bow Valley Naturalists did not participate, as ‘no growth’ was not on the table for discussion, yet it was an ‘interest-based’ process But, how is a concensus possible, when some are not willing to comprimise?

  7. GMC Stakeholder Criteria: • Been in the community for 8 years • University Educated • Keen interest in getting involved • Seen as a legitimate representative of community based interests • Representative of a valid interests of a stakeholder group and not personal interests (Process would have been unmanageable if it were structured around individuals with ‘general broad concerns’)

  8. Barriers to Entry • Initiators claimed nothing was stopping lower-end housing and the trailer park community, although several barriers to entry for them • Such as ‘being connected’ which had to be through community leaders or active volunteer work and experience with ‘concensus-oriented’ public spheres

  9. The Shotgun Rule • If a participant walked away from the process, there were tremendous costs to be paid- the process was ended • This was perceived to be vital in keeping the process together and initially approved but later found to be ‘just hell’ in some stakeholders cases • Individuals felt compelled to stay on for fear of repercussion from the community for terminating the process, which meant feeling coerced or not listened to • As well as walking away from potential gains

  10. Potential Benefits • Achieving local empowerment • Address local level conflict • Conflict resolution • Cooperation and finding a common ground • Variety of stakeholders involved to meet their needs and desires • Community building • Convening to reach a consensus • Sustainable development

  11. Limitations • Barriers to entry and repression of participants • Not representative to all stakeholders • Challenges of democratic representation • Conflicting interests of nature, culture and community • Not all interests on the table • Time constraints • Financial constraints • Exhausting and several respondents struggled with comprehending the complex planning domain

  12. Limitations Continued • Mediators as ‘neutral’ or ‘impartial’ raised an issue • Power domination such as, Shotgun rule and Rule of Late Entry • Obligations to remain in decision making

  13. Conclusion • To achieve sustainable of rapidly declining natural and cultural resources, stakeholders must work together and closely with the natural and socio-cultural environment • Valuable mechanism for address community based development • Hopefully can result in resolution to tourism-related conflicts and a movement from a destructive to constructive approach

  14. Thank you Feel free to ask any questions or state any concerns!

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