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Disability swimming

Disability swimming. Ingi Þór Einarsson. Ingi Þór Einarsson. Swimming nerd. Have worked with disabled swimmers at all levels for many years. Ingi Þór Einarsson. MSc in Sport science Race analysis PhD nám EMG EIPET Health ID. Structure of my talk. Approaching disability

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Disability swimming

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  1. Disability swimming Ingi Þór Einarsson

  2. Ingi Þór Einarsson • Swimming nerd Have worked with disabled swimmers at all levels for many years

  3. Ingi Þór Einarsson • MSc in Sport science • Race analysis • PhD nám • EMG • EIPET • Health ID

  4. Structure of my talk • Approaching disability • Who is disabled • Competition opportunities for disabled • Special Olympics • Paralympics • Local opportunities • Classification of disability • Functional or medical • Teaching disabled • Individual approach • Few tricks

  5. Mygoal! • To have you look at disability in a fresh way. • If you are already good swimming teachers/coaches you are 95% ready to be good with disability 

  6. There is bigneed! • Irish and Icelandic Physical Educators experiences in teaching students with special educational needs • 88% respondents had taught a student with a disability • 91% had no undergraduate adapted physical education training • 51% “somewhat” competent in teaching students with disabilities • Swimming teachers seems to be doing best

  7. Disabled !

  8. Definition of Disability • Google gives close to 100 • Social welfare uses one • IPC uses another • It all depends on your point of view • I use my own

  9. Labelling is disabling • The language we use may influence how other people view disability • We should always use the language and descriptions that people with disabilities indicated as appropriate for them • Appropriate language may vary between countries, different disabilities and individuals e.g. disabled people/people with disabilities • Expect great things from all!

  10. Labelling is disabling • People first, disability second • Do not sensationalise • Avoid generalising • Avoid emotional terminology: suffering, victims, struggles with, conquered • Focus on ability, not level of impairment • Talk video

  11. Motivators for taking part in swimming • Same for people with disabilities as for non-disabled • to keep fit • be with my friends • to relax • to enjoy my swimming • to be the best • To reduce the effect of my disability

  12. In short • Disabled people DON’T need our pity nor sympathy • Disabled people need our understanding and sometimes our assistance

  13. EIPET • If you feel like reading more up matters like this go to www.EIPET.EU • Its “off the shelf” material to help any one who works with disability in Physical activity context • Its free and everyone can use, either all or part of it.

  14. Opportunities for disabled swimmers • Two main directions • Special Olympics • Paralympics • Both great, but that’s about it, what they have in common

  15. SpecialOlympics • The biggest victory is to take part • Mainly for Intellectually disabled, but not closed to any one • No classification before hand • Swimmers race in heats in the morning (or entry time) and are then split in to groups 4-8 swimmers based on their time • Many sets of medals for each event • Everyone has a fair chance of winning

  16. SpecialOlympics • Big Global Games every four years • Many regional and national games in most countries • Important that these opportunities are pointed out to those who have a chance of taking part. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?gl=US&hl=en&client=mv-google&v=5Y9k-U67FNg&nomobile=1

  17. Paralympic • Hard core competitions • Who is the best • Pre-competition classification • Strict rules • Big Paralympics games held every 4 year following the Olympics in same venues • Many local and regional opportunities

  18. Classification for disabled swimmers • In international swimming there are 3 main classification systems going on. • Visually impaired = Medical Classification • Physicallydisabled = Functional Classification • Intellectualdisabled = Medical & Functional Classification

  19. Visual Impaired Classification • S11 • No light perception in up to light perception but inability to recognize the shape of hand at any distance • S12 • Ability to recognize shape of hand up to visual acuity of 2/60 and/or visual field of less than 5 degrees. • S13 • Visual acuity above 2/60 up to 6/60 and/or visual field of 5 –20 degrees.

  20. Physical Disability Classification • Compete in S1 – S10 • Complicated system based on ability, not disability. • Different kind of disability often swim in the same class • Based on what the swimmer should be able to do with good training and help

  21. Physical Disability Classification • Normal body has 300 points • Then we subtract points for missing or non-functioning limbs or body parts • Arms 130 points • Legs 100 points • Body 50 points • Start 10 points • Turns 10 points

  22. ClassS2 • All youneed is will!

  23. Class S3

  24. S7, SB5, SM6 • S7 in Free • SB5 in Breast • SM6 in IM

  25. Class S9 and S10

  26. Physical disability classification • The classification panel is three people one medical and one swimming expert and one other. There is a: • Bench test • Water test • Competition observation • Repeat minimum of two times • Leuven video link

  27. LocalCompetitions • Often need to combine classes • Due to few swimmers in each class • Reference formulas used • Experience coaches put young children approximately in classes in the beginning • Important that this is done fairly

  28. Briefhistory of ID swimming • ID included in Paralympics 1996 and 2000 • ID took no part in 2004 and 2008 because of lack of evidence and classification system • Data collected between 2004 and 2010 both in cognitive testing and race analysis • ID took part in EU 2009 and 2011 and worlds 2011 • Will take part in London 2012

  29. S14 in IPC • Be on INAS-FID master list • IQ test < 75 • Questionnaire • Before 18 years old • Apply to get on to IPC master list • Sport specific questionnaire • Cognitive test battery (five different tests) • Sport specific test (SST)

  30. Cognetive test battery • Measure cognitive function that is related to ability to perform in sport 0/5 =  1/5 =  2/5 = SST 3/5 =  4/5 =  5/5 =  AB ID

  31. Sport Specific Test Based on the relationship between stroke rate and swimming velocity Relative stroking speed Different pattern can be observed between S14- and AB swimmers

  32. In short Swimmer who is scoring more “normal”, that is 2/5 on the cognitive test battery, and are swimming like an elite AB swimmer; do not show diminished ability to perform at a high level in swimming, and should there for not be swimming under IPC rules!

  33. Contacts • Iceland • NPC if@isisport.is • SÓ annak@isisport.is • Færeyjar • NPC tora@isb.fo • SÓ tora@isb.fo • Denmark • NPC michael.mollgaard.nielsen@dhif.dk • SÓ sjk@dhif.dk

  34. Contacts • Finnland • NPC kimmo.mustonen@paralympia.fi • SO riikka.juntunen@vammaisurheilu.fi • Sweden • NPC Hans.Safstrom@shif.rf.se • SO annica.walther@shif.rf.se • Norway • NPC Arnfinn.Vik@idrettsforbundet.no • SO geir@specialolympics.no

  35. Teaching/coaching disabled • There are many guidelines around to help us pedagogically to work with disabled • We have all learned in school what is good teaching in general

  36. Strategies to improve understanding for ADHD and Autism • Stress important words in sentences • Be clear about the order of events (first, then) • Have defined end to event • Say what you mean • Avoid negatives • Use demonstration & visual supports • Gain attention first • Provide information in chunks • Use appropriate language • Pause frequently – give time to process & respond • Repeat and simplify information

  37. Visualqueingcanalsoworkmiracles

  38. TechnicalGuides • No matter who it is everyone needs the same to learn to swim. • Security • Breathing, holding breath, water in face • Balance • Float in front and back • Limbs • Symmetrically and asymmetrically movements

  39. Some trial and errors finding • Autism • Often find symmetrically swims easier to master • Low perception of intensity level • ADHD • Can be VERY good swimmers in right settings • Skills takes longer to master – build clear frame • ID • Low perception of intensity level • Skills are not stable • Too weak

  40. Some trial and error finding • Amputee • Legs and arms create similar problems • Need to work hard to find the right rhythm • Paralyzed • Difficult to hit the right intensity zone • Body position is the name of the game • CP • Need longer to recover from hard training • Need sometimes very special skill adaptations • Visually impaired • Skills unstable • Needs on-hand teaching

  41. Tolearnmore • Online system www.swimties/learn • Material for coaches and teachers • Special chapters for disabled, but mostly general stuff.

  42. Takehomemessage • Integration is more and more common • We all need to be specialist in disability swimming • Its important that PE teachers know how and where to channel disabled swimmers • KISS

  43. Thank you for listening

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