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Understanding Forces on Projectiles After Release: Gravity's Role in Motion

When an object is thrown, the only force acting on it post-release is gravity, assuming air resistance is negligible. Projectiles, defined as any object in motion through a medium without support, include various examples like a punting football, a cat jumping from a tree, or a skydiving individual. By analyzing projectile motion, we find that horizontal and vertical movements are independent and governed by the same kinematic formulas used in one-dimensional motion. This exploration can lead to intriguing experiments examining motion, such as comparing the fall rates of a feather and an elephant in a vacuum.

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Understanding Forces on Projectiles After Release: Gravity's Role in Motion

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  1. 10/18/13 If you throw an object – what force/s are on the object after it leaves your hand? Only force is gravity (if ignoring air resistance)

  2. Projectiles Projectiles are any object moving through a medium (usually the air) that is not supported by a normal force and without any other applied force Jumping, free falling, hitting/kicking/throwing a ball, etc

  3. Are these projectiles • Football being punted? • Cat jumping out of a tree? • A butterfly flying? • Long distance jumping? • A hot air balloon flying? • Sky diving? • Space ship launching?

  4. Kinematics in Projectile Motion Projectiles use the same formulas as before in 1D motion. We just break them down into motion on the x, the y, and the resultant.

  5. Rules for Projectiles • Ignoring air resistance – all objects fall with the same acceleration (gravity) • Horizontal motion does not effect vertical motion • Vertical is used as the timer (how long it can stay in the air) • Horizontal motion is constant if no air resistance is used • If the projectile returns to the same height – the time up = the time down

  6. Try this • An elephant and a feather fall in a vacuum – which falls faster? • A bullet is fired and a bullet is dropped from the same height at the same time – which hits the ground first? • A kid kicks a ball at an angle of 30 degrees – what is the acceleration in the horizontal?

  7. Falling from rest If an object falls from rest – use the kinematic formulas that ignore initial velocity.

  8. Example A ball rolling 3.0 m/s across a table that is 1.0 m off the ground: • How long until it hits the ground? (t = ?) • How far from the table will it hit? (x = ?)

  9. Today Pg 99 #1-4

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