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Reform in Great Britain

Reform in Great Britain. HWH UNIT 7 CHAPTER 11.1-11.2. Political Reform. Democracy in Britain, 1815. Constitutional Monarchy House of Lords Appointed Veto power over the House of Commons House of Commons Elected Less than 5% of the population could vote Wealthy land-owners

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Reform in Great Britain

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  1. Reform in Great Britain HWH UNIT 7 CHAPTER 11.1-11.2

  2. Political Reform

  3. Democracy in Britain, 1815 • Constitutional Monarchy • House of Lords • Appointed • Veto power over the House of Commons • House of Commons • Elected • Less than 5% of the population could vote • Wealthy land-owners • Only Anglicans could vote • Representation in Parliament • Skewed toward the countryside • New cities were not represented • “Rotten Boroughs” • Early Reforms • 1820s: Catholics and non-Anglican Protestants get the right to vote

  4. Expanded the vote by nearly 50% Still only property-owning men Gave more representation to cities Parliament’s attempt to curb revolutionary ideas The Reform Bill of 1832(The “Great Reform Bill”)

  5. The “People’s Charter” Universal suffrage Annual calling of Parliament The Secret Ballot Salaries for MPs Abolition of property qualification for MPs Presented three times to Parliament (and rejected) Too radical Britain moved slowly toward reform The Chartists (1838)

  6. The Charter being delivered to Parliament

  7. Liberal Party Middle Class William Gladstone Anti-empire Pro-Home Rule Conservative Party Aristocratic Benjamin Disraeli Pro-empire English Politics In the Victorian Era

  8. Reforms 1850-1914 • Reform Bill of 1867 (urban workers) • Conservatives • Secret Ballot, 1872 • Reform Bill of 1884 (rural farmers) • Liberals • Parliament Act of 1911 • Eliminated power of House of Lords • Salaries for MPs, 1911

  9. Social and Economic Reform

  10. The Corn Laws (1815) • Maintained high prices of grain (“corn”) • Parliament represented only the upper and middle class • The Corn Laws disproportionately hurt the poor • Increased the price of bread…

  11. The Repeal of the Corn Laws, 1846 • The Anti-Corn Law League, 1845 • Real reason: the Potato Famine

  12. The Mines Act of 1842 • Outlawed women and children under 10 years old working in mines

  13. The Ten Hours Act, 1847 • Limited the work day to ten hours

  14. More Labor Reform • Unions legalized, 1825 • Strikes legalized, 1870s • Revisionist Socialism in Britain • The Fabian Society (England, 1884) • The Labour Party (England, 1906)

  15. Women’s Suffrage

  16. Emmeline Pankhurst

  17. The Question of Ireland • English Control, 12th century • Catholic vs. Protestant • Catholics had to pay tithes to the Church of England • English and Scottish absentee landlords • Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801) • The Irish Potato Famine (1845-49)

  18. “Home Rule” • 1886: Defeated • 1893: Defeated • 1914: Passed • Ulster • World War I • 1916: Easter Rebellion • 1922: Irish Free State

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