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CHAPTER 14

CHAPTER 14. THADDEUS STEVENS. Leading Radical Republican in Congress during Reconstruction; From PA. VP from Tenn.; Pres. after Lincoln’s Death; Restoration plan & Impeachment. EDWIN STANTON. SECRETARY OF WAR SUSPENDED & REMOVED BY ANDREW JOHNSON.

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CHAPTER 14

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  1. CHAPTER 14

  2. THADDEUS STEVENS Leading Radical Republican in Congress during Reconstruction; From PA

  3. VP from Tenn.; Pres. after Lincoln’s Death; Restoration plan & Impeachment

  4. EDWIN STANTON SECRETARY OF WAR SUSPENDED & REMOVED BY ANDREW JOHNSON

  5. Civil War Hero; Republican President elected 1868 & 1872

  6. HIRAM REVELS 1st AFRICAN-AMERICAN SENATOR; MINISTER FROM MISSISSIPPI;; UNION ARMY CHAPLAIN

  7. HORACE GREELEY NY NEWSPAPER EDITOR; 1872 DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE

  8. 13th Amendment 1865—Abolished Slavery in the United States

  9. 14th Amendment 1868—granted full citizenship to those born in the US; required states to grant citizens equal protection of the laws; most cited Amendment in the Supreme Court

  10. 15th Amendment 1870—prohibited the state & federal governments from denying the right to vote to any male citizen because of “race, color, or previous condition of servitude”

  11. PLANS TO RECONSTRUCT Lincoln’s 10% Plan—Dec. 1863; 10% swear loyalty; ban slavery; amnesty Wade-Davis Bill—July 1864—50% swear loyalty, ban slavery, no Confederates can hold office; only those who swore they didn’t fight Union could vote

  12. JOHNSON “RESTORATION” May 1865— Most Southerners granted amnesty once swore loyalty; Confederates officials & landowners could be pardoned by the Pres; Only loyal could vote; Must ratify 13th Amendment

  13. FREEDMEN’S BUREAU 1865—government agency set up to help freedmen; Distributed food, clothing, medicine; set up schools & gave aid to new African-American colleges; Helped people acquire land & work; Set up courts to protect freedmen’s rights

  14. BLACK CODES Permitted plantation owners to exploit freedmen workers & allowed officials to arrest & fine jobless freedmen; banned freedmen from owning or renting farms;

  15. KLU KLUX KLAN Secret society that used fear & violence to deprive African Americas of their rights & advocate white supremacy

  16. JOHNSON’S IMPEACHMENT Johnson violated the Tenure of Office Act by suspending Sec. of War-Stanton without Senate approval the House voted to impeach Johnson for misconduct  the trial in the Senate must have 2/3 vote for conviction  Johnson survived impeachment by 1 vote 35-19;

  17. JOHNSON’S IMPEACHMENT Many believed impeachment was politically motivated & that Pres. Shouldn’t be removed due to political differences

  18. Reconstruction Act of 1867 South divided into 5 military districts & placed under authority of military commander; freedmen get right to vote in state elections; prevented former Confederate leaders from holding office; to rejoin states had to ratify the 14th Amendment

  19. SOUTH REGAINS CONTROL Northerners lost interest in Reconstruction—South should solve its own problems; Radical leaders faded away; corruption in Grant’s administration; South protested “bayonet rule”; Amnesty Act of 1872—nearly all white Southerners can vote & hold office again

  20. GRANT (REP) DEFEATS SEYMOUR (DEM)

  21. GRANT (REP) DEFEATS GREELEY (DEM)

  22. HAYES (REP) DEFEATS TILDEN (DEM)

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