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Chapter 5

Chapter 5. Information Technology in Radiology. X-rays. Traditional X-rays use electromagnetic waves to produce an image on film. Digital X-rays are immediately available on a screen and expose the patient to less radiation. Used for broken bones. Cannot image soft tissue. Ultrasound.

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Chapter 5

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  1. Chapter 5 Information Technology in Radiology

  2. X-rays • Traditional X-rays use electromagnetic waves to produce an image on film. • Digital X-rays are immediately available on a screen and expose the patient to less radiation. • Used for broken bones. • Cannot image soft tissue.

  3. Ultrasound • Uses sound waves and the echoes they produce to generate an image • Moving image • Uses no radiation • Used to study developing fetus and to diagnose prostate disease and gallstones

  4. CT Scans • Computerized tomography uses X-rays at many angles from which the computer creates an image. • Soft tissue can be imaged. • More accurate and detailed images decrease the need for exploratory surgery.

  5. Magnetic Resonance Imaging • Use computers and a very strong magnetic field and radio waves to produce pictures • Images soft tissue • Images brain • Can find some brain abnormalities • Can detect abnormal tissue

  6. Functional MRI • FMRIs can image function by measuring small changes in the use of oxygen. • Can locate areas of the brain affected by stroke or brain tumors. • Used to study conditioned response. • Used to study schizophrenia.

  7. Positron Emission Tomography • PET scans use radio-isotope technology to create an image of the brain or body in motion. • Used to study mental disorders, speech, Alzheimer’s, moral reasoning, bi-polar disorder, and cancer.

  8. Bone Density Scan (DEXA) • Bone density scan or dual X-ray absorptiometry scan used to diagnose osteoporosis • A special kind of low radiation X-ray that shows changes in the rays’ intensity after passing through bone • Shows small changes in bone density from the amount of change in the X-ray

  9. Bloodless Surgery • Stereotactic radiosurgery (gamma knife surgery) is a noninvasive technique that is currently used to treat brain tumors with highly focused beams of radiation. • Focused ultrasound used to raise tumors to the boiling point.

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