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Graphics

Explore the basics of programming graphics using the graphics library in Python. Learn how to import the library, create a GUI window, and display graphical elements like points, circles, rectangles, and text. Discover shortcuts for coding efficiency and understand the coordinate system of the GUI window. This guide also addresses common methods in the graphics library, providing examples and screenshots to better aid comprehension. Perfect for beginners aiming to grasp foundational graphics programming concepts.

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Graphics

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  1. Graphics Michael Liut (liutm@mcmaster.ca) Ming Quan Fu(fumq@mcmaster.ca) Brandon Da Silva(dasilvbc@mcmaster.ca) www.michaelliut.ca/cs1md3

  2. Graphics Package • To use graphics, you first need to import it as it is a library • import graphics • To actually use a GUI window, you will need to open it up • window = graphics.GraphWin() • To close a window, use the close command • window.close() www.michaelliut.ca/cs1md3

  3. Graphics Package • Since there are many methods inside the graphics library, there are short cuts to reduce the amount of code you type • Instead of import graphics, use from graphics import * • The * means you are importing everything inside the library • window = GraphWin() www.michaelliut.ca/cs1md3

  4. Graphics Package • The default GUI window has a display size of 200px (length) by 200px (height) • Think of the GUI window as a graph with each pixel representing one unit • Only be one coordinate plane • The origin (0, 0) is the upper left corner • X-Value increases as you move right • Y-Value increases as you move down www.michaelliut.ca/cs1md3

  5. Graphics Package • A point is just a pixel on the GUI • To create a point… • varName = Point (x, y) • varName is the variable name • x is the value of the x coordinate • Y is the value of the y coordinate • point1 = Point (100, 100) • After creating the point, you must display it • point1.draw(window) www.michaelliut.ca/cs1md3

  6. Graphics Package • varName = Circle(Point(x,y), r) • varName is the name of the circle • Point(x, y) is the center of the circle • r is the radius • varName = Text(Point(x, y), text) • varName is the name of the text • Point(x, y) is the center of the text • text is a string denoted with double quotations www.michaelliut.ca/cs1md3

  7. Graphics Package • varName = Rectangle(Point1(x,y), Point2(x, y)) • varName is the name of the rectangle • Point1(x, y) is the point of the upper left corner • Point2(x, y) is the point of the lower right corner • varName = Line(Point1(x, y), Point2(x, y)) • varName is the name of the line • Point1(x, y) is the point of one of the endpoints • Point2(x, y) is the point of the other end point • Remember to display all your objects! www.michaelliut.ca/cs1md3

  8. Graphics Example 1 www.michaelliut.ca/cs1md3

  9. Graphics Example 1 - RUN www.michaelliut.ca/cs1md3

  10. Graphics Example 2 www.michaelliut.ca/cs1md3

  11. Graphics Example 2 - CTD www.michaelliut.ca/cs1md3 www.michaelliut.ca/cs1md3

  12. Graphics Example 2 - RUN www.michaelliut.ca/cs1md3

  13. Graphics Example 2 - RUN www.michaelliut.ca/cs1md3

  14. Graphics Example 2 - RUN www.michaelliut.ca/cs1md3

  15. Graphics Example 2 - RUN www.michaelliut.ca/cs1md3

  16. Graphics Example 2 - RUN • Graphics window was terminated. www.michaelliut.ca/cs1md3

  17. setCoords Explanation https://ctools.umich.edu/access/content/group/8a0551bf-5d66-4a39-004b-3a90ff183423/Lectures/Zelle%20-%20Chapter%2005.pdf www.michaelliut.ca/cs1md3

  18. Graphics - Assignment 3 • Due: Tuesday March 13, 2014 BY 11PM Expectations: • Follow the format specified in the assignment. • Read the assignment very carefully. Do NOT assume,if you are unsure ask! • Proper naming, use of functions, etc… • YOU MUST COMMENT ALL YOUR CODE! www.michaelliut.ca/cs1md3

  19. Link to Guide • On my website: • http://www.michaelliut.ca/uploads/2/1/0/3/21032302/graphics.pdf • This package includes descriptions of how to use the graphics functions (included in graphics.py). www.michaelliut.ca/cs1md3

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