1 / 9

The Atmosphere

The Earth's atmosphere comprises primarily nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (21%), with trace gases making up less than 1%. Atmospheric pressure, affected by altitude, is the force air molecules exert on surfaces, decreasing with height. The atmosphere is divided into four layers: the troposphere (where weather occurs and air is densest), stratosphere (home to the ozone layer absorbing UV radiation), mesosphere (coldest layer), and thermosphere (where temperatures can soar to 1,700°C). The ionosphere, part of the thermosphere, contains charged ions that contribute to phenomena like auroras and radio signal reflection.

ewa
Télécharger la présentation

The Atmosphere

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Atmosphere Chapter 15 Section1

  2. Composition of the Atmosphere • The most abundant gas in the atmosphere that we breathe is Nitrogen • 78% Nitrogen • The second most abundant gas in the atmosphere is Oxygen • 21% Oxygen • The remaining gases amount to less than 1% of the atmosphere • The atmosphere is a mixture of gases that surrounds the Earth

  3. Atmospheric Pressure • Air pressure is the measure of the force with which the air molecules push on a surface • Air pressure changes with altitude • Altitude is the height of an object above the Earth’s surface • The closer or lower you are in the atmosphere the more pressure that is exerted on you. • The higher you move into the Earth’s atmosphere the lower the pressure you will feel. • The pressure on the Earth’s surface is measured with a barometer

  4. Layers of the Atmosphere • Based on temperature, the Earth’s atmosphere is divided into four layers • By the way did I say the layers are based on temperature.

  5. Troposphere • The troposphere lies next to the Earth’s surface • It is the densest layer of the atmosphere • This is the layer that we live in • This is the layer that all the weather forms • As you move up through the troposphere the temperature and air pressure drops

  6. Stratosphere • The layer just above the troposphere is called the stratosphere • In the stratosphere the air is very thin and contains little moister • The lower part is very cold -60 Celsius • The temperature is high in the upper part of the stratosphere • The upper part of the stratosphere has an area called the ozone • Ozone is a molecule that is made up of three oxygen atoms • The ozone absorbs ultraviolet radiation, warming the air • The ozone protects the life on Earth

  7. Mesosphere • The mesosphere is just above the stratosphere • The mesosphere is the coldest layer of the atmosphere • The mesosphere get cooler as you move to the upper part of it

  8. Thermosphere • Just above the mesosphere is the thermosphere • The thermosphere is the upper most part of the atmosphere • In this part of the atmosphere the temperature rises as you move up through it • Temperatures in this layer can reach 1,700 Celsius • If you could stand in the thermosphere you would not feel hot

  9. Ionosphere • The upper part of mesosphere & lower part of the thermosphere is the ionosphere • Nitrogen & oxygen atoms absorb X rays and gamma rays • This causes the particles to become electrically charged, electrically charged particles are called ions • Ions radiate energy as light (Aurora borealis) • It also reflects some radio signals like am radio back to Earth

More Related