1 / 30

Chapter 2

Chapter 2. http://oasd.blackboard.com/. Body Structure, Color, and Oncology . OBJECTIVES. Define and spell the word parts . Identify anatomic structures of the human body. Build and analyze medical terms using word parts

eydie
Télécharger la présentation

Chapter 2

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 2 http://oasd.blackboard.com/ Body Structure, Color, and Oncology

  2. OBJECTIVES Define and spell the word parts Identify anatomic structures of the human body

  3. Build and analyze medical terms using word parts Define, pronounce, and spell medical terms related to body structure, color, and oncology Interpret the meanings of the abbreviations Read medical documents and interpret medical terminology contained in them

  4. Organization of the Human Body • cell: basic unit of all life • tissue: similar cells that perform a specific task • organ: two or more kinds of tissue that together perform special body functions • system: a group of organs that work together to perform complex body functions

  5. Body Cells • The human body is composed of trillions of cells of various sizes and shapes • cell membrane: boundary of a cell • cytoplasm: makes up the body of a cell • nucleus: structure in center containing chromosomes

  6. Body Cell

  7. Types of Tissue • connective tissue: connects, supports, penetrates, and encases various body structures • epithelial tissue: found in the skin and lining of the blood vessels muscle tissue: produces movement nervous tissue: conducts impulses to and from the brain

  8. Types of Tissues Epitheli/o Neur/o Fibr/o My/o

  9. Organization of the Human Body (cont’d) • chromosomes: 46 in human cells except for mature sex cell, which has 23 • genes: regions within the chromosome (determine hereditary characteristics) • DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid): each gene is composed of DNA, a chemical that regulates the activities of the cell

  10. Body Cavities • cranial: brain • spinal: spinal cord • thoracic: heart, lungs, esophagus, trachea, bronchi • abdominal: stomach, intestines, kidneys, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, ureters • pelvic:urinary bladder, certain reproductive organs, part of large intestine, rectum

  11. Body Cavities cranial Dorsal thoracic diaphragm spinal abdominal pelvic

  12. Combining Forms for Body Structure • aden/o • cyt/o • epitheli/o • fibr/o • hist/o • kary/o • lip/o • my/o • neur/o • organ/o • sarc/o • system/o • viscer/o

  13. Combining Forms Commonly Used with Body Structure Terms • cancer/o, carcin/o • eti/o • gno/o • iatr/o • lei/o • onc/o • path/o • rabd/o • somat/o

  14. Combining Forms for Colors chlor/o chrom/o cyan/o erythr/o leuk/o melan/o xanth/o

  15. -oma • -osis • -pathy • -plasia • -plasm • -sarcoma • -sis • -stasis -al, -ic, -ous -cyte -gen -genesis -genic -logist -logy -oid dia- dys- hyper- hypo- meta- neo- pro-

  16. Suffixes Containing “gen” • genic: producing, originating, causing Example:cyt/o/genic producing cells • -genesis: origin, cause Example:onc/o/genesis: cause of tumors • -gen: substance that produces or causes Example:carcino/gen: substance that causes cancer-

  17. Oncology Terms Built from Word Parts carcinoma fibroma liposarcoma melanocarcinoma myoma melanoma rhabdomyosarcoma sarcoma

  18. Analyzing Terms Which Appear to Be Built From a Prefix and Suffix “neoplasm” is built from what looks like a prefix and a suffix: the word root is embedded in the suffix. S(WR) is used in the “Building Medical Terms” exercises to indicate this.

  19. Pronunciation Guide • The following is a simple guide to use for practicing pronunciation of the medical terms. • The pronunciations are only approximate; however, they are adequate to meet the needs of the beginning student • In respelling for pronunciation, words are minimally distorted to indicate phonetic sound Example: doctor (dok-tor), gastric (gas-trik)

  20. Pronunciation Guide (cont’d) • Diacritical marks are used over vowels to indicate pronunciation. The macron (―) is used to indicate the long vowel sounds. Example:donate (dō-nāte) hepatoma (hep-a-tō-ma) ā as in ate, say ē as in eat, beet, see ī as in i, mine, sky ō as in oats, so ū as in unit, mute

  21. Pronunciation Guide (cont’d) • Vowels with no markings have the short sound. Example:discuss (dis-kus) medical (med-i-kal) a as in at, lad e as in edge, bet i as in itch, wish o as in ox, top u as in sun, come

  22. Pronunciation Guide (cont’d) • An accent mark is the stress on a certain syllable. The primary accent is indicated by capital letters, and the secondary accent (which is stressed, but not as strongly as the primary accent) is indicated by italics. Example: altogether (all-tū-GETH-er) pancreatitis (pan-krē-a-TĪ-tis)

  23. Oncology Terms Not Built from Word Parts benign malignant remission in vitro in vivo encapsulated cancer in situ

  24. Body Structure Terms Built from Word Parts • cancerous • carcinogen • carcinogenic • cyanosis • cytogenic • cytoplasm • erythrocyte

  25. Body Structure Terms Built from Word Parts (cont’d) erythrocytosis etiology histology hyperplasia hypoplasia karyocyte leukocyte leukocytosis

  26. Blood Cells 1, (red) / cv / (cell[s]) 2, (white) / cv / (cell[s])

  27. Body Structure Terms Built from Word Parts (cont’d) • myopathy • neopathy • neuroid • oncogenic • oncologist • pathology • somatic • xanthosis

  28. Abbreviations • Ca • chemo • Dx • mets • Px • RBC • RXT • WBC

  29. Project: You will look up one type of specific cancer and do an informational PowerpointSlide. What you must have in the presentation is the cancer type (duh), prevalence of the cancer, what it’s symptoms are, the treatment of the cancer, outlook for the patient with the cancer. Also correct pronciation and breaking down of the word (name) Submit to me via Email: Stephen.Fox@mail.oasd.k12.wi.us Due on Sunday before 11:59pm.

More Related