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Shifting Our Vision for Lighting

Shifting Our Vision for Lighting. Lux America 2012. Wendy Davis Associate Professor Director Illumination Design. Why do we light?. We do not light to: Expend / save energy To meet standards & building codes To meet budgets To use particular technologies.

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Shifting Our Vision for Lighting

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  1. Shifting Our Vision for Lighting Lux America 2012 Wendy Davis Associate Professor Director Illumination Design

  2. Why do we light? • We do not light to: • Expend / save energy • To meet standards & building codes • To meet budgets • To use particular technologies Image from: http://rabbishishler.blogspot.com.au/2012/02/soul-budget.html Image from: http://www.csiro.au/en/Outcomes/Energy/Saving-energy-in-your-home.aspx Image from: http://nyack-ny.gov/departments/building/

  3. Why do we light? • We light so that people can see: • Books • Faces • Artwork • Stairways • Etc. Image from: http://www.autism-community.com/a-plethora-of-literacy-resources/ Image from: http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/nov/25/ernest-cole-david-goldblatt-apartheid-photography Image from: http://www.optforhealthyliving.org/

  4. Fixation with the incandescent lamp The ways we measure, evaluate and communicate about lighting are technology-focused & backward-looking Image from: http://cheaptalk.org/2011/03/18/backward-and-forward-looking-organizations/

  5. Correlated colour temperature (CCT)

  6. Correlated colour temperature (CCT) + Duv - Duv

  7. Colour rendering index (CRI) Reference illuminant Test source CIE Dxx Same CCT [K] Planckian (CCT<5000 K) Standard Daylight (CCT > 5000 K) #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7 #8 Ra #9 #10 #11 #12 #13 #14

  8. Colour rendering index (CRI) = perfect?

  9. Colour rendering index (CRI) Neodymium incandescent lamp CRI = 77 (normal incandescent lamp CRI=100) Image from: http://www.ge.com/innovation/timeline/eras/breakthrough_discoveries.html Ref. LED

  10. Colour rendering index (CRI) 3-LED Model Peaks at: 464, 538, 620 nm CRI = 63 Image from: http://glassbox-design.com/2009/elos-rgb-led-prototype-changes-colors-on-demand/ Ref LED

  11. Further complications Hunt Effect Colorfulness / saturation increases with luminance

  12. Moving beyond the incandescent Image from: http://www.eralight.biz/led-bulb/e27-led-bulb.html Image from: http://www.alibaba.com/product-gs/303496832/F96T12_replacement_LED_tube.html • Retrofits / replacement lamps: • Minimal consumer investment • Compatible with existing infrastructure • Reversible

  13. Moving beyond the incandescent Image fromhttp://news.cnet.com/8301-11386_3-57428951-76/philips-led-replaces-100-watt-incandescent/ Image from: http://elektro-vault.blogspot.com.au/2012/06/27w-led-to-replace-100w-bulb.html • Retrofits / replacement lamps: • Difficult to engineer • Fail to capitalize on benefits of newer technologies • Presume incumbent technologies are optimal

  14. Moving beyond the incandescent 1http://elearningfacultymodules.org/index.php/E-Learning_Terminology Disruptive technology “A new technology that changes the current way of approaching a particular problem or issue”1 Images from: Wikipedia Commons

  15. Moving beyond the incandescent Let’s imagine… Image from: http://www.canstockphoto.com/illustration/imagine.html

  16. How far could we go? Image from: http://www.cnet.com.au/apple-iphone-4-339303698.htm Image from: http://johngushue.typepad.com/blog/2010/06/technology.html Image from: Wikipedia Commons Image from: http://dekhomobile.blogspot.com.au/2011/11/latest-glass-mobile-phone-latest-mobile.html

  17. How do we get there? Image from: http://www.guardian.co.uk/voluntary-sector-network/2012/jun/13/charity-conduct-strategic-review-advantages

  18. Colour vision

  19. Principle of Univariance • The cones transmit no spectral information • Countless different spectra can lead to identical patterns of cone activity • Perceptions of colour arise from combining and comparing the activity of the different cone classes

  20. Trichromacy

  21. Colour matching functions x(λ) r(λ) y(λ) g(λ) z(λ) b(λ)

  22. Colour matching functions • x + y + z = 1 • (x, y) is a 2-dimensional representation of chromaticity. • Y is a measure of visual intensity of light stimulus. • x, y, Y fully describe light stimulus.

  23. Colour opponency Image from: http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/color_perception.htm

  24. Colour opponency

  25. Colour opponency blue red red green yellow DeValois & DeValois (1993)

  26. Moving beyond the incandescent Metamers

  27. Luminous efficacy Luminous efficacy = radiant efficiency x luminous efficacy of radiation (LER) LER = 154 lm/W LER = 408 lm/W

  28. Colour rendering Four lasers Image from: Wikipedia Commons

  29. Object reflectance

  30. Object reflectance Image from: http://greatfruitpictures.onsugar.com/Orange-Fruit-Picture-18993899

  31. Visual processing blue red red green yellow DeValois & DeValois (1993)

  32. Moving forward • Spectral design & colour properties • Size & shape of lighting products • Spatial distribution of light • Modes of control & human interaction • … Image from: http://gooddisruptivechange.com/why-change-your-mindset/

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