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Exploring Morphology: Allomorphy, Clitics, and Inflectional Productivity

This text delves into various aspects of morphology, including the concepts of allomorphy, clitics, and exocentric compounds. It highlights derivation preceding inflection and the ordering of morphemes where derivational morphemes are closer to the root than inflectional ones. Key examples from languages like Tagalog, Agta, and Yoruba illustrate how morphological changes occur, emphasizing the productivity of inflectional endings and the infrequent use of certain derivational suffixes. The discussion aims to enhance understanding of morphological structures in linguistics.

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Exploring Morphology: Allomorphy, Clitics, and Inflectional Productivity

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  1. More-phology

  2. Allomorphy • a vs. an • clitics • exocentric compounds • derivation before inflection • productivity • read the ZT paper

  3. Derivation vs. Inflection • Ordering! All derivational morphemes are closer to the root than inflectional morphemes. (Keep this in mind for Esperanto) • Productivity: inflectional endings go on basically every eligible verb/noun; not true for things like -ish, -ness, -ity, -ment, etc.

  4. Compounds • Exocentric compounds: pickpocket, walkman, not “headed” • Although walkmen attests to human mind’s tendency to “endocentrize” anything!

  5. Tagalog • takbuh ‘run’ tatakbuh ‘will run’ • lakad ‘walk’ lalakad ‘will walk’ • pili’ ‘choose’ pipili’ ‘will choose’

  6. Agta • dakal ‘big’ dumakal ‘grow’ • darag ‘red’ dumarag ‘redden’ • furaw ‘white’ fumuraw ‘whiten’

  7. Yoruba • gbona ‘be warm’ gbigbona ‘warmth’ • dara ‘be good’ didara ‘gooness’ • won ‘cost a lot’ wiwmon ‘costliness’ • je ‘eat’ jije ‘act of eating’

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