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stepper motor

stepper motor details

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stepper motor

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  1. Stepper Motor Assi. Prof. T. M. Diwakar SITCOE

  2. Contents Introduction of the Stepper motor Principle of the Stepper motor Classification of the Stepper motor Systems of the Stepper motor Advantages of the Stepper motor Applications of the Stepper motor

  3. Introduction  Astepper motor, also known as step motor or stepping motor, is a brushless DC electric motor that divides a full rotation into a number of equal steps.  A standard motor will have a step angle of 1.8 degrees with 200 steps per revolution.

  4. Principle of the Stepper Motor  The operation of this motor works on the principle that unlike poles attract each other and like poles repel each other. When the stator windings are excited with a DC supply, it produces magnetic flux and establishes the North and South poles.

  5. Classification

  6. Permanent Magnet Motors  Permanent magnet motors use a permanent magnet (PM) in the rotor and operate on the attraction or repulsion between the rotor PM and the stator electromagnets.

  7. Variable Reluctance Motor  Variable reluctance (VR) motors have a plain iron rotor and operate based on the principle that minimum reluctance occurs with minimum gap, hence the rotor points are attracted toward the stator magnet poles.

  8. Hybrid Motors  It is the combining the qualities of the Variable Reluctane motor and the Permanent Magnet motor.  The hybrid motor has some of the desirable features of each. Normally, they exhibit step angle of 0.9 to 5 degrees.

  9. System of the Stepper motor  A stepper motor system consists of three basic elements, often combined with some type of user interface (host computer, PLC ) Indexers Drivers Stepper motors

  10. Indexers The indexer (or controller) is a microprocessor capable of generating step pulses and direction signals for the driver. In addition, the indexer is typically required to perform many other sophisticated command functions. Drivers The driver (or amplifier) converts the indexer command signals into the power necessary to energize the motor windings. Not all drivers are suitable to run all motors. Stepper motors The stepper motor is an electromagnetic device that converts digital pulses into mechanical shaft rotation. Advantages of step motors are low cost, high reliability, high torque at low speeds and a simple.

  11. Advantages  Low cost for control achieved  High torque at startup and low speeds  Ruggedness  Simplicity of construction  Can operate in an open loop control system  Low maintenance  Less likely to stall or slip  Will work in any environment  Can be used in robotics in a wide scale.  High reliability

  12. Applications  The stepper motor is used for precise positioning with a motor like hard disk drives, robotics, telescopes and some toys.  Industrial Machines-Stepper motors are used in automotive gauge and machine tooling automated production equipments.  Security-New surveillance products for the security industry  Medical-Stepper motors are used inside medical scanner , sampler and also found inside digital dental photography.

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