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Afghanistan War

Afghanistan War. 2001-Present. Osama bin Laden & Al Qaeda. Afghanistan fought Soviets during ‘80s After war, chaos led to rise of Taliban

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Afghanistan War

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  1. Afghanistan War 2001-Present

  2. Osama bin Laden & Al Qaeda • Afghanistan fought Soviets during ‘80s • After war, chaos led to rise of Taliban • Taliban- — n(in Afghanistan) a fundamentalist Islamic army: in 1996 it defeated the ruling mujaheddin factions and seized control of the country; overthrown in 2001 by US-led forces, although resistance continues, esp in the south • Osama bin Laden fought Soviets during 80s and returned in 90s, goal of ridding all Muslim countries of Western Influence

  3. 9/11 • Bin Laden planned attacks on US embassies in Africa in 1998, on our radar & we attacked him • History.com, “The attackers were Islamic terrorists from Saudi Arabia and several other Arab nations. Reportedly financed by Saudi fugitive Osama bin Laden's al-Qaeda terrorist organization, they were allegedly acting in retaliation for America's support of Israel, its involvement in the Persian Gulf War and its continued military presence in the Middle East.” • Bush and many Americans see the attack as an act of war: "We will make no distinction between the terrorists who committed these acts and those who harbor them."

  4. Operation Enduring Freedom • American led (British backed) invasion of Afghanistan began October 7, 2001 • Taliban quickly thrown out of power • Bin Laden fled to mountainous border region, then later Pakistan • Democratic government established, but riddled with corruption and unable to secure population • NATO use approve by UN - “NATO’s primary objective in Afghanistan is to enable the Afghan authorities to provide effective security across the country in order to ensure Afghanistan can never again be a safe haven for terrorists. To achieve this goal, the 50 nations that make up the NATO-led International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) conduct security operations and train and develop the Afghan National Security Forces (ANSF).”

  5. Pakistan • Technically a US ally • Long history of influence in Afghanistan via intelligence agency, ISI, support Taliban • Taliban control of areas in Pakistan, some governmental resistance, Swath Valley • US avoids attacks in Pakistan until very recently under Obama administration • Pakistan angered by US attacks, relationship shaky

  6. Lessons learned from Iraq • Lack of man power, “surge” technique, 30,000 more troops sent in 2009 • Counter-insurgency strategy, Petraeus’ manual and eventual control • Challenges in training security forces • Election challenges, fraud, corruption, validity • Troop behavior • Interrogation methods & detainment

  7. Future? • Taliban regaining control, included in peace talks • Elections, recount • Drone attacks • Less and less international support • Withdraw 2014 • Al Qaeda in Yemen, new central headquaters

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