Chapter 4: Cell Structure and Function

1. Chapter 4: Cell Structure and Function Practice Test answers

2. The combination of what features would be found in a prokaryotic cell? • nucleoid, ribosome, cell wall • cell wall, nucleus, chloroplast • mitochondrion, cell wall, flagellum • nucleoid, mitochondrion, cilia

3. All cells possess a plasma membrane, which functions to ________. • enclose the cell • isolate the cell from random disturbances in the environment • allow metabolic events to occur in an orderly fashion • all of the choices

4. Cells are typically small because ________. • a greater number of small cells can occupy any space compared to larger cells • just like sand and gravel, smaller objects can pack together more tightly • their volumes increase at a faster rate than the surface area • small cells require less food than large cells

5. In eukaryotes, the nucleus ________. • is always located in the center of the cell • isolates the DNA from exposure to damaging chemical reactions • is the site where most proteins are synthesized • all of the choices

6. The endosymbiotic theory suggests that both ________ were once free-living organisms that lived as parasites within ancient prokaryotes. • centrioles and nucleosomes • mitochondria and ribosomes • Golgi bodies and lysosomes • chloroplasts and mitochondria

7. Actin is the primary component of ________. • intermediate fibers • microfilaments • microtubules • all of the choices

8. Bacterial cell walls often contain a polysaccharide capsule, which functions to ________. • poison heterotrophs that might attempt to feed on the bacteria • aid in cell attachment • focus light and improve photosynthesis • selectively regulate what materials enter and leave the cell

9. In addition to the plasma membrane, all cells begin life with ________. • a cell wall • DNA and cytoplasm • mitochondria and ribosomes • plastids and vacuoles

10. A cell membrane is formed from a lipid bilayer and protein; what functional contribution does the lipid bilayer contribute? • it lubricates cell surfaces and reduces friction with the environment • it serves as a source of energy • it prevents the free passage of water-soluble substances across it • all of the choices

11. Which combinations of features are unique to plant cells? • cell wall, central vacuole, chloroplast • chloroplast, lysosome, Golgi body • central vacuole, nucleoplasm, centriole • cell wall, mitochondrion, plasmadesmata

12. Lysosomes contain ________ and bud from the ________. • waste products, rough ER • waste products, Golgi body • digestive enzymes, smooth ER • digestive enzymes, Golgi body

13. Match the organelle with the appropriate activity. • mitochondria - synthesis of ATP • smooth ER - synthesis of protein • chromoplast - synthesis of lysosomes • rough ER - processes materials for exocytosis

14. Which organelle has inner and outer compartments and an inner membrane containing ATP synthase? • the nucleus • the Golgi body • the mitochondrion • the centriole

15. What kind of cell junctions allow rapid flow of substances into the cytoplasm of adjacent cells? • plasmodesmata and gap junctions • adhering junctions and tight junctions • tight junctions and plasmodesmata • gap junctions and adhering junctions

16. The cytoskeleton functions in eukaryotes to ________. • reinforce the structure of the cell • move the cell through the physical environment • move cellular components through the cytoplasm • all of the choices