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Comma

By: Matt Bach and Matt Kuberski. Comma. Definition of a Comma. Made to help the reader A comma tells readers when one clause has ended and another is about to begin. Nonrestrictive. Describes a noun or pronoun whose meaning has already been clearly defined or limited. Set off with commas.

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Comma

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  1. By: Matt Bach and Matt Kuberski Comma

  2. Definition of a Comma • Made to help the reader • A comma tells readers when one clause has ended and another is about to begin

  3. Nonrestrictive • Describes a noun or pronoun whose meaning has already been clearly defined or limited. • Set off with commas

  4. Restrictive • Defines or Limits the meaning of the word it modifies • Do not use commas

  5. Nonrestrictive vs. Restrictive • Nike is the largest manufacture of shoes since before I was born • (Restrictive) not set off with commas and has essential information; modified • Nike, which is my favorite brand, makes colorful shoes • (Nonrestrictive) uses commas and has nonessential information; does not modify the meaning Nike

  6. Adjective clause • Function in a sentence as a modifier of nouns or pronouns. • Follow the word they modify, usually immediately • Begins with, whom, whose, which, that, where or when

  7. Adjective clauses • My friend Jack in his truck, which is a Ford, passed by very fast • (Nonrestrictive) which is a ford doesn’t restrict the meaning of Jacks truck • The man with the red shirt ate all the food. • (Restrictive) restricts meaning of man

  8. Appositives • A noun or noun phrase that renames a nearby noun.

  9. Appositives examples • My favorite book, The Lord Of The Rings, is very long. • (nonrestrictive) my favorite restricts the sentence, the appositive is nonrestrictive • The movie “Avatar” was shown in theaters. • (Restrictive) movie is vague, the appositive restricts its meaning

  10. Transitional Expressions • Take conjunctive adverbs and transitional phrases and use them as a bridge between sentences or parts of sentences • Transitional • For example, as a matter of fact, in other words • Conjunctive • However, therefore, moreover

  11. Transitional expressions • He ate fast food everyday, therefore, he was obese. • Conjunctive • In other words, he was fat. • Transitional

  12. Parenthetical Expressions • Gives extra information or after thoughts. • Today is a terrible day, it is Monday. • Class today was very long, it was boring.

  13. Absolute Phrases • A noun followed by a phrase which modifies the whole sentence. • Should be set off with commas • May appear at either the beginning of the end of a sentence.

  14. Absolute Phrase example • It snowed outside, so the game was cancelled. • Its rained for weeks, the town was flooded.

  15. Contrasted Elements • Showing contrast between two unlike things • Not, Never,Unlike • Set off with commas • I wanted to play, unlike John. • I like the color red, not orange.

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