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1. UNIT 8Chapter 25 – The Industrial Revolution

   THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
2. CHAPTER 25 The Industrial Revolution, 1700 –1900 The Industrial Revolution begins in Britain, spreads to other countries, and has a strong impact on economics, politics, and society. The Beginnings of Industrialization SECTION 1 CASE STUDY: Industrialization SECTION 2 Industrialization Spreads SECTION 3 Reforming the Industrial World SECTION 4 Rail locomotives began connecting U.S. cities in the 1840s, enabling transport of goods between factories, cities, and ports.
3. OBJECTIVES CORE OBJECTIVE:Trace key events of the Industrial Revolution and analyze how these affected economics and politics. Objective 8.1: Explain the beginnings of the British Industrial revolution and the inventions the furthered it. Objective 8.2: Identify the social and economic effects of industrialization. Objective 8.3: Identify the effects of industrialization on the rest of the world. Objective 8.4: Explain the origins and main concepts of socialism, Marxism, and other 1800s reform movements.
4. Chapter 25 SECTION 2 EFFECTS of Industrialization The factory system changes the way people live and work, introducing a variety of problems.
5. EXPLAIN WHAT IS HAPPENING AND WHY.
6. INDUSTRIALIZATION CHANGES LIFE WRITE THIS DOWN! Factory Work Factories pay more than farms, spur demand for more expensive goods Industrial Cities Rise Urbanization — city-building and movement of people to cities Growing population provides work force, market for factory goods British industrial cities: London, Birmingham, Manchester, Liverpool
7. URBAN CONDITIONS Living Conditions Sickness widespread; epidemics, like cholera, sweep urban slums Life span in one large city is only 17 years Wealthy merchants, factory owners live in luxurious suburban homes Rapidly growing cities lack sanitary codes, building codes Cities also without adequate housing, education, police protection Working Conditions Average working day 14 hours for 6 days a week, year round Dirty, poorly lit factories injure workers Many coal miners killed by coal dust WRITE THIS DOWN!
8. CLASS TENSIONS GROW The Middle Class Middle class — skilled workers, merchants, rich farmers, professionals with comfortable standard of living Emerging middle class looked down on by landowners, aristocrats The Working Class Laborers’ lives not improved; some laborers replaced by machines Luddites, other groups destroy machinery that puts them out of work Unemployment a serious problem; unemployed workers riot WRITE THIS DOWN!
9. POSITIVE EFFECTS OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION Immediate Benefits Creates jobs, enriches nation, encourages technological progress Education expands, clothing cheaper, diet and housing improve Workers eventually win shorter hours, better wages and conditions Long-Term Effects Improved living and working conditions still evident today Governments use increased tax revenues for urban improvements WRITE THIS DOWN!
10. WHAT DO YOU SEE? Who is the worker? What are the dangers?
11. WRITE THIS DOWN! THE MILLS OF MANCHESTER Manchester and the Industrial Revolution Manchester has labor, water power, nearby port at Liverpool Poor live and work in unhealthy, even dangerous, environment Business owners make profits by risking their own money on factories Eventually, working class sees its standard of living rise some Children in Manchester Factories Children as young as 6 work in factories; many are injured 1819 Factory Act restricts working age, hours Factory pollution fouls air, poisons river Nonetheless, Manchester produces consumer goods and creates wealth
12. INDUSTRIALIZATION — Assessment Who were the Luddites? (A) Factory workers that destroyed machinery that put them out of work (B) Children who suffered working in industrial factories (C) Middle class workers with a comfortable standard of living (D) Social workers who tried to improve the lives of city factory workers What are some of the negative urban consequences of industrialization? (A) The increase of political corruption in city government (B) The loss of individual freedoms and rights (C) Rapidly growing cities lack sanitary codes and sickness is widespread (D) The increase of land and wages of the middle class
13. INDUSTRIALIZATION — Assessment Who were the Luddites? (A) Factory workers that destroyed machinery that put them out of work (B) Children who suffered working in industrial factories (C) Middle class workers with a comfortable standard of living (D) Social workers who tried to improve the lives of city factory workers What are some of the negative urban consequences of industrialization? (A) The increase of political corruption in city government (B) The loss of individual freedoms and rights (C) Rapidly growing cities lack sanitary codes and sickness is widespread (D) The increase of land and wages of the middle class
14. Vocabulary Assessment Urbanization is the (A) Process of work in a society being done by machines (B) Immigration from one country to another (C) Business growth through new inventions (D) Movement of people to cities A stock is (A) A large business run by people who are not personally responsible for any losses (B) A right of ownership in a company (C) A sale of a large business for profit (D) Large pieces of industrial equipment sold at a profit
15. Vocabulary Assessment Urbanization is the (A) Process of work in a society being done by machines (B) Immigration from one country to another (C) Business growth through new inventions (D) Movement of people to cities A stock is (A) A large business run by people who are not personally responsible for any losses (B) A right of ownership in a company (C) A sale of a large business for profit (D) Large pieces of industrial equipment sold at a profit