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Photosynthesis & Respiration

Photosynthesis & Respiration. Autotrophs and Heterotrophs : All organisms require energy. Autotrophs get their energy from the sun Heterotrophs get their energy by eating other organisms. Autotrophs : Photosynthesis occurs in a green pigment called chlorophyll inside the

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Photosynthesis & Respiration

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  1. Photosynthesis & Respiration

  2. Autotrophs and Heterotrophs: • All organisms requireenergy. • Autotrophsget their energy from the sun • Heterotrophsget their energy by eating other organisms

  3. Autotrophs: • Photosynthesisoccurs in a green pigment called chlorophyllinside the • chloroplastsof plant cells. • Chlorophyll is the chemical that captures light from the sun to make energy.

  4. Autotrophs: • To perform photosynthesis the plant needs 3 things: • H2O (Water) – Absorbs through roots. • CO2 (Carbon Dioxide) – Gets from the air. • Sunlight – A form of electromagnetic energy from the sun.

  5. Autotrophs: • When H20 and CO2 combine in the presence of energy, they create: • C6H12O6(Glucose) and O2 • Glucoseis the form of sugar that plants store for energy. • This process can be put into a mathematical equation: • 6H20 + 6CO2 + energy (light) C6H12O6 + 6O2 (Notice that the equations are perfectly balanced on both sides!!!)

  6. Autotrophs: • Once the plant has stored energy from it's surroundings using photosynthesis, • it then uses mitochondria to make energy from the glucose • Heterotrophs also use mitochondria to make energy, but do not have • chlorophyll to capture their own energy so they must eat!

  7. Heterotrophs: • Heterotrophs that eat plants take the glucose the plant made to store • as energy for themselves. • The chemical process they use to make energy using that glucose is • called cellular respiration. • This happens in the “powerhouse” of the cell: the mitochondria

  8. Heterotrophs: • To make energy, heterotrophs need C6H12O6 (glucose) and O2. The • byproducts of this are H20 and CO2. • So the mathematical equation for cellular respiration is this: C6H12O6 + 6O26H20 + 6CO2 + Energy • What do you notice about the similarities between photosynthesis and • cell respiration?

  9. Fermentation: • Fermentation– A process of acquiring energy without O2, CO2, or sunlight. • Yeastand many bacteria are types of unicellular organisms who can live • just on sugarby breaking it into CO2 and Alcohol (ethanol). • The equation for this is: • C6H12O6→ Energy + 2C2H5OH (ethanol)+ 2CO2 • This process makes bread, beer, rubbing alcohol and so much more! • Another form of fermentation is lactic acid fermentation. This is the same • process as above, but creates lactic acid instead of ethanol: • C6H12O6 (glucose) → 2 CH3CHOHCOOH (lactic acid) • This process makes yogurt, cheese, sauerkraur, and so much more!

  10. You don't get drunk from bread because the baking process cooks off the alcohol, but all the bubbles in bread are essentially yeast “farts”

  11. Videos: Cell Respiration: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j7gPtASv0SQ Photosynthesis: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pdgkuT12e14 Fermentation: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4SosPuWAg7g Photosynthetic Animals: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AcX2n1rC4W4

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