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Chapter 13

Chapter 13. Annuities and Sinking Funds. #13. Annuities and Sinking Funds. Learning Unit Objectives. Annuities: Ordinary Annuity and Annuity Due (Find Future Value). LU13.1. Differentiate between contingent annuities and annuities certain

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Chapter 13

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  1. Chapter 13 Annuities and Sinking Funds

  2. #13 Annuities and Sinking Funds Learning Unit Objectives Annuities: Ordinary Annuity and Annuity Due (Find Future Value) LU13.1 • Differentiate between contingent annuities and annuities certain • Calculate the future value of an ordinary annuity and an annuity due manually and by table lookup

  3. #13 Annuities and Sinking Funds Learning Unit Objectives Present Value of an Ordinary Annuity (Find Present Value) LU13.2 • Calculate the present value of an ordinary annuity by table lookup and manually check the calculation • Compare the calculation of the present value of one lump sum versus the present value of an ordinary annuity

  4. #13 Annuities and Sinking Funds Learning Unit Objectives Sinking Funds (Find Periodic Payments LU13.3 • Calculate the payment made at the end of each period by table lookup • Check table lookup by using ordinary annuity table

  5. Compounding Interest (Future Value) Term of the annuity - the time from the beginning of the first payment period to the end of the last payment period. Annuity - A series of payments Present value of an annuity - the amount of money needed to invest today in order to receive a stream of payments for a given number of years in the future Future value of annuity - the future dollar amount of a series of payments plus interest

  6. Figure 13.1 Future value of an annuity of $1 at 8% $3.25 $2.08 $1.00 End of period

  7. Classification of Annuities Contingent Annuities - have no fixed number of payments but depend on an uncertain event Annuities certain - have a specific stated number of payments Mortgage payments Life Insurance payments

  8. Classification of Annuities Annuity due - regular deposits/payments made at the beginning of the period Ordinary annuity - regular deposits/payments made at the end of the period Jan. 31 Monthly Jan. 1 June 30 Quarterly April 1 Dec. 31 Semiannually July 1 Dec. 31 Annually Jan. 1

  9. Tools for Calculating Compound Interest Rate for each period(R) Annual interest rate divided by the number of times the interest is compounded per year Number of periods(N) Number of years times the number of times the interest is compounded per year If you compounded $100 each year for 3 years at 6% annually, semiannually, or quarterly What is N and R? Periods Rate Annually: 6% / 1 = 6% Semiannually: 6% / 2 = 3% Quarterly: 6% / 4 = 1.5% Annually: 3 x 1 = 3 Semiannually: 3 x 2 = 6 Quarterly: 3 x 4 = 12

  10. Calculating Future Value of an Ordinary Annuity Manually Step 4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 until the end of the desired period is reached. Step 3. Add the additional investment at the end of period 2 to the new balance. Step 2. For period 2, calculate interest on the balance and add the interest to the previous balance. Step 1. For period 1, no interest calculation is necessary, since money is invested at the end of period

  11. Calculating Future Value of an Ordinary Annuity Manually Find the value of an investment after 3 years for a $3,000 ordinary annuity at 8%

  12. Calculating Future Value of an Ordinary Annuity by Table Lookup Step 3. Multiply the payment each period by the table factor. This gives the future value of the annuity. Future value of = Annuity pymt. x Ordinary annuity ordinary annuity each period table factor Step 2. Lookup the periods and rate in an ordinary annuity table. The intersection gives the table factor for the future value of $1 Step 1. Calculate the number of periods and rate per period

  13. Table 13.1 Ordinary annuity table: Compound sum of an annuity of $1

  14. Future Value of an Ordinary Annuity Find the value of an investment after 3 years for a $3,000 ordinary annuity at 8% N = 3 x 1 = 3 R = 8%/1 = 8% 3.2464 x $3,000 $9,739.20

  15. Calculating Future Value of an Annuity Due Manually Step 3. Repeat steps 1 and 2 until the end of the desired period is reached. Step 2. Add additional investment at the beginning of the period to the new balance. Step 1. Calculate the interest on the balance for the period and add it to the previous balance

  16. Calculating Future Value of an Annuity Due Manually Find the value of an investment after 3 years for a $3,000 annuity due at 8%

  17. Calculating Future Value of an Annuity Due by Table Lookup Step 4. Subtract 1 payment from Step 3. Step 3. Multiply the payment each period by the table factor. Step 2. Look up the periods and rate in an ordinary annuity table. The intersection gives the table factor for the future value of $1 Step 1. Calculate the number of periods and rate per period. Add one extra period.

  18. Future Value of an Annuity Due Find the value of an investment after 3 years for a $3,000 annuity due at 8% N = 3 x 1 = 3 + 1 = 4 R = 8%/1 = 8% 4.5061 x $3,000 $13,518.30 - $3,000 $10,518.30

  19. Figure 13.2 - Present value of an annuity of $1 at 8% $2.58 $1.78 $.93 End of period

  20. Calculating Present Value of an Ordinary Annuity by Table Lookup Step 3. Multiply the withdrawal for each period by the table factor. This gives the present value of an ordinary annuity Present value of = Annuity x Present value of ordinary annuity pymt. Pymt. ordinary annuity table Step 2. Look up the periods and rate in an ordinary annuity table. The intersection gives the table factor for the present value of $1 Step 1. Calculate the number of periods and rate per period

  21. Table 13.2 - Present Value of an Annuity of $1

  22. Present Value of an Annuity Duncan Harris wants to receive a $8,000 annuity in 3 years. Interest on the annuity is 8% semiannually. Duncan will make withdrawals at the end of each year. How much must Duncan invest today to receive a stream of payments for 3 years. Interest ==> Payment ==> Interest ==> Payment ==> Interest ==> Payment ==> N = 3 x 1 = 3 R = 8%/1 = 8% 2.5771 x $8,000 $20,616.80 End of Year 3 ==>

  23. Lump Sums versus Annuities Karen Jones made deposits of $200 to Bank of America, which pays 8% interest compounded annually. After 5 years, Karen makes no more deposits. What will be the balance in the account 6 years after the last deposit? N = 6 x 2 = 12 R = 8%/2 = 4% 1.6010 x $2,401.22 $3,844.35 Future value of a lump sum N = 5 x 2 = 10 R = 8%/2 = 4% 12.0061 x $200 $2,401.22 Step 2 Future value of an annuity Step 1

  24. Lump Sums versus Annuities Mel Rich decided to retire in 8 years to New Mexico. What amount must Mel invest today so he will be able to withdraw $40,000 at the end of each year 25 years after he retires? Assume Mel can invest money at 5% interest compounded annually. N = 8 x 1 = 8 R = 5%/1 = 5% .6768 x $563,756 $381,550.06 Present value of a lump sum Step 2 N = 25 x 1 = 25 R = 5%/1 = 5% 14.0939 x $40,000 $563,756 Present value of an annuity Step 1

  25. Sinking Funds (Find Periodic Payments) Bonds Bonds Sinking Fund = Future x Sinking Fund Payment Value Table Factor

  26. Table 13.3 - Sinking Fund Table Based on $1

  27. Sinking Fund To retire a bond issue, Randolph Company needs $60,000 in 18 years. The interest rate is 10% compounded annually. What payment must Randolph Co. make at the end of each year to meet its obligation? Check $1,314 x 45.5992 59,917.35* N = 18, R= 10% Future Value of an annuity table N = 18 x 1 = 18 R = 10%/1 = 10% 0.0219 x $60,000 $1,314 * Off due to rounding

  28. Problem 13-13: Solution: • 18 periods + 1 = 19, 5% • 30.5389 • X $2,000 • $61,077.80 • $ 2,000.00 • $59,077.80

  29. Problem 13-17: Solution: $12,500 x 72.0524 = $900,655

  30. Problem 13-18: Solution: $15,000 x 5.8892 = $88,338

  31. Problem 13-23: 8% 4 16 periods, = 2% Solution: $900 x 13.577 = $12,219.93 $900 x 18.6392 = $16,775.28 x .7284 $12,219.11

  32. Problem 13-25: Solution: .0412 x $88,000 = $3,625.60 quarterly payment

  33. Problem 13-26: Solution: Morton: 5 periods, 8% 3.9927 x $35,000 = $139,744.50 + $40,000 = $179,744.50 Flynn: 5 periods, 8% 3.9927 x $38,000 = $151,722.60 + $25,000 = $176,722.60 Morton offered a better.

  34. Problem 13-27: Solution: PV annuity table: 15 periods, 8% 8.5595 x $28,000 = $239,666 PV table: 10 years, 8% .4632 x $239,666 = $111,013.29

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