ESL Musical Instruments Unit

1. ESL Musical Instruments Unit Goals: Learn music vocabulary – ensembles, instruments, and their families. Outcome: Be able to identify and name instruments seen in a rehearsal or concert.

2. The Plan Day 1: Introduce Western Music Ensembles – Orchestra, Concert Band, Rock Band. Introduction to Families – Brass, Woodwinds, Strings, Percussion Day 2: Brass & Woodwinds Instruments Day 3: Strings & Percussion Day 4: Field Trip to Band Rehearsal Day 5: Fun Quiz

3. Musical Instruments This slide show will guide you through the various instruments used in Western Music.

4. 3 Groups:OrchestraConcert BandRock Band

5. Orchestra

6. Concert Band

7. Rock Band

8. The Brass Family Trumpet

9. The Brass Family French Horn

10. The Brass Family Trombone

11. The Brass Family Baritone

12. The Brass Family Tuba Listen to the Brass Family

13. The Woodwind Family Piccolo

14. The Woodwind Family Flute

15. The Woodwind Family Oboe

16. The Woodwind Family Clarinet

17. The Woodwind Family Saxophone

18. The Woodwind Family Bassoon Listen to the Woodwind Family

19. The String Family Violin

20. The String Family Viola

21. The String Family Cello

22. The String Family Bass

23. The String Family Electric Bass/Electric Guitar

24. The String Family Acoustic Guitar Listen to the Woodwind Family

25. Concert Percussion • Types: Wood, steel, brass, piccolo. • Performance Technique Considerations: Rudiments, legato stroke, fulcrum, appropriate stick choices, muffling, much more… Snare Drum

26. Concert Percussion Snare Drum

27. Concert Percussion Field Drum, Tenor Drum, Marching Snare Drum

28. Concert Percussion • Types: Marching, mounted, suspended, free standing or cradled. • Performance Techniques: Use a legato (smooth) stroke, follow through on the back-swing, play just below center, muffle with left hand or right knee. Mallets are cotton, leather-coated, or wood. Bass Drum

29. Concert Percussion Bass Drum

30. Concert Percussion • Types: Symphonic, Viennese, Germanic, Field, Concert, Light, Medium, Heavy. • Performance Techniques: Hold the straps close to the bell with the thumb and forefinger. Full crash will release and sustain by moving the cymbals apart. Muffle for staccato notes against shoulders or stomach. Other techniques include rolling two cymbals together, the “swish,” and other special effects. Crash Cymbals or Hand Cymbals

31. Concert Percussion Crash Cymbals or Hand Cymbals

32. Concert Percussion • Types: “Fixed” and “gooseneck” mounted. Various sizes and weights. • Performance Techniques: Most often you will use Yarn Mallets. Sometimes music calls for cord mallets, sticks, triangle beaters, coins, or brushes. Strike near the outer edge, and roll with mallet heads apart or on opposite sides of the cymbal. Suspended Cymbal

33. Concert Percussion Suspended Cymbal

34. Concert Percussion • Types: Various sizes and weights, china-type, splash, ride, sizzle. • Performance Techniques: Strike with sticks at 45 degree angle. Use a follow-through that allows the cymbal to sustain when crashing. Use rebound when riding. • Care & Storage: Various crash cymbals are kept on the drumsets and in the back practice room. Crash Cymbal

35. Concert Percussion Crash Cymbal

36. Concert Percussion • Types: Mostly made of bronze. Chau gong is a common type/origin. Tam-tam is non-pitched as opposed to the gong. • Performance Techniques: Strike with a tam-tam mallet just below the center and use a follow-through that allows it to sustain. Tam-Tam

37. Concert Percussion Tam-Tam

38. Concert Percussion • Types: Nepalese, Chinese, Indonesian… Gongs are pitched as opposed to tam-tams. • Performance Techniques: Strike in the center using a follow-through that allows the gong to sustain. Gong

39. Concert Percussion Gong

40. Concert Percussion • Types: Plastic, Copper-coated, and Hammered-copper bowls. • Performance Techniques: Largest drum on the left, tune using a pitch-pipe or tuning fork, use a throne if you’re tuning during a piece, use cotton or wood timpani mallets, strike 1/3 of the way in, muffle rests, use French grip, single-stroke rolls. Timpani or Kettle Drums

41. Concert Percussion Timpani or Kettle Drums

42. Concert Percussion • Types: Maple, Birch, Acrylic. 5-piece, 4-piece, “Power,” “Fusion,” “Bebop,” “Rock” and more… • Performance Techniques: Use sticks, multi-rods, or brushes. Foot-pedals are used for bass drum and hi-hat. Crash and ride cymbals can be used for variety. Numerous grooves are possible. Drumset

43. Concert Percussion Drumset

44. Concert Percussion • Types: Rosewood, Padauk, or Synthetic bars. • Performance Techniques: Use hard rubber, or plastic mallets. Play “off the bars” using a legato stroke that bounces off the bars. Strike in the center of the bars or on the very edge of the accidentals. Xylophone

45. Concert Percussion • Types: Rosewood, Padauk, or Synthetic bars. • Performance Techniques: Use rubber or yarn mallets. Play “off the bars” using a legato stroke that bounces off the bars. Strike in the center of the bars. Marimba

46. Concert Percussion • Types: Metal alloy bars. Brushed metal or gold finish. • Performance Techniques: Use cord-wound mallets – usually rattan shaft. Play “off the bars” using a legato stroke that bounces off the bars. Strike in the center of the bars. Use Burton grip for 4-mallet pieces. Use the pedal for sustain and the motor for tremolo. Vibraphone, Vibraharp or “Vibes”

47. Concert Percussion • Types: Metal alloy bars. • Performance Techniques: Use plastic or brass mallets. Play “off the bars” using a legato stroke that bounces off the bars. Strike in the center of the bars. Concert Bells or Glockenspiel

48. Concert Percussion

49. Auxiliary Percussion • Types: Brass, copper, or alloy jingles on a wood frame with calfskin head. Sometimes plastic handled or mounted tambourines are substituted. • Performance Techniques: Hold at an angle at eye level. Use one-handed taps, shake rolls, thumb rolls, and hand/knee techniques. Tambourine

50. Auxiliary Percussion Tambourine