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Intro to Cells & Prokaryotic cells

Intro to Cells & Prokaryotic cells. Unit 3 – The Cell. Review. What is a cell? A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions. One of the characteristics of life is being made up of units called cells. Organisms may be: Unicellular: made of 1 cell

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Intro to Cells & Prokaryotic cells

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  1. Intro to Cells &Prokaryotic cells Unit 3 – The Cell

  2. Review • What is a cell? • A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions. • One of the characteristics of life is being made up of units called cells. • Organisms may be: • Unicellular: made of 1 cell • Multicellular: made of many specialized cells

  3. Who saw them first? • Robert Hooke in 1665, was the first person to use the word "cell" to identify microscopic structures when he was describing cork.

  4. Background • Anton Van Leeuwenhoek : • Father of Microbiology, created the first microscope. • Matthias Schleiden( 1830’s) • All plants are composed of cells. • Theodor Schwann (1831) • All animals are made of cells. • Rudolf Virchow (1858) • Found that every cell comes from a pre-existing cell.

  5. Cell Theory 1. All organism are made up of cells 2. A cell is the structural and functional unit of organs and ultimately, organisms. 3. Cells are capable of self – reproduction and cells come only from pre-existing cells

  6. Cell Types Prokaryotic Eukaryotic • No Nucleus • Nucleus

  7. Eukaryotic vs. Prokaryotic similarities Prokaryotic Eukaryotic • Vesicles • DNA present • Ribosomes • Vacuole • Cell wall • Cytoplasm • Plasma membrane • Vesicles • DNA present • Ribosomes • Vacuole • Cell wall (some) • Cytoplasm • Plasma membrane

  8. Eukaryotic vs. Prokaryotic differences Prokaryotic Eukaryotic • NO nucleus • No membrane bound organelles (mitochondria, lysosomes, ER, gogi body etc.) • No chromosomes (plasmids) • No chloroplast (chlorophyll scattered in cell) • Unicellular • ~1-10 um • Nucleus • Membrane bound organelles (mitochondria, lysosomes, ER, gogi body etc.) • Chromosomes • Chloroplast (some) • Mostly multicellular • ~10-100 um

  9. Prokaryotic Cell Parts • Flagellum – move the bacterium in a fluid medium • Cytoplasm – a semifluid medium that make up the majority of the cell • Ribosomes – responsible for making proteins • Nucleiod – where the DNA is located • Capsule – gelationous sheath called a slime layer that surrounds the cell wall • Cell Well – gives the cell its shape • Plasma Membrane – regulates the movement of molecules into and out of the cytoplasm. • Plasmid – external single DNA molecule • Pili – hairlike structure used in bacterial conjugation (sharing of genetic material.

  10. Prokaryotic Cell Parts

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