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Origins of Modern Genetics

Origins of Modern Genetics. Jean Baptiste Lamarck (French, early 19 th c.): “The Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics” Charles Darwin (English, 1859): Species can change through the process of natural selection

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Origins of Modern Genetics

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  1. Origins of Modern Genetics • Jean Baptiste Lamarck (French, early 19th c.): “The Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics” • Charles Darwin (English, 1859): Species can change through the process of natural selection • Gregor Mendel (Austrian, 1865): Founder of modern genetics; Experimental discovery of inheritance of traits from one generation to the next; genes as material foundation of heredity

  2. Jean B. Lamarck (1744-1829)

  3. Charles Darwin (1809-1882)

  4. Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)

  5. Modern Genetics • Thomas Morgan (1866-1945): Located genes at chromosomes and developed modern genetics through experiments on Drosophila—fruit flies • Oswald Avery (1877-1955) and colleagues: Discovered in 1944 that DNA was the molecule that contained genetic information

  6. Thomas Morgan (1866-1945)

  7. Oswald Avery (1877-1955)

  8. Watson and Crick • James Watson (1928-) and Francis Crick (1916-2004): “Cracked” the molecular structure of DNA and explained how the genetic codes were transferred from one generation to another. • Maurice Wilkins (1916-2004) and Rosalind Franklin (1920-1958): made the crucial contributions to Watson and Crick with their crystallography of DNA

  9. James Watson

  10. Francis Crick

  11. Rosalind Franklin

  12. Maurice Wilkins

  13. Issues to Consider • Modern science as interdisciplinary • Biology and physics • Importance of being at a center of scientific communication • Styles of scientific research • Gender and science

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