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Absolute Identification

This presentation discusses the history and use of biometrics for identification, including fingerprints, DNA, and other tools. It also explores the potential privacy threats associated with the collection and storage of biometric data.

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Absolute Identification

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  1. Absolute Identification Dr.Murat Kantarcioglu Presentation based on “Database Nation” CS 6v81 003-Privacy

  2. History of Biometrics • Increasing population, migration and immigration required identification • First biometric example: Bertillion System • Used for law enforcement • Measured suspect head, arms, feet… • Records are sorted based on anthropometrical signalment CS 6v81 003-Privacy

  3. Finger Prints • Enough variation to be unique • Initially used for identifying criminals • Possible problems • Errors due to Humans and Computers • Finger prints imply guilt • Security of the records • Analysis may be modified • Also popular in non-democratic regimes CS 6v81 003-Privacy

  4. AFIS • Hard to match fingerprints before computers • Computers enabled fast fingerprint search • Initial successes • San Francisco cleared unsolved 860 cases using AFIS CS 6v81 003-Privacy

  5. DNA • Deoxyribonucleic Acid is a unique identifier • Exception Identical twins • 3/1000 identical twins in population • Potential Problem • If two DNAs do not match then no error • Else still a small possible error CS 6v81 003-Privacy

  6. DNA • Careful collection, storage and handling is required for DNA evidence • Remember the O.J. Simpson trial • Privacy threats due to emerging DNA banks • DOD’s soldier DNA databank • FBI Codis System • Data collection and the security of the stored data is critical CS 6v81 003-Privacy

  7. Other Biometric Tools • Retina prints • Retina changes in the pregnant womes • Iris prints • Do not change and can be read from far away • Remember the “Minority report” • Signature and Handwriting • Palm prints and Hand geometry CS 6v81 003-Privacy

  8. Other Biometric Tools • Voice prints (not %100 accurate) • Face recognition (not %100 accurate) • Facial thermograms (reliable but intrusive) • Silhouette identification • Performance & writing style • More testing is needed for above biometrics CS 6v81 003-Privacy

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