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Boiling and Melting Points

Boiling and Melting Points. Metallic bond Covalent bond – referring to covalent network solids Ionic Bond These substances are all solid at room temperature and have high melting points except mercury. 3 strong bonds.

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Boiling and Melting Points

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  1. Boiling and Melting Points

  2. Metallic bond • Covalent bond – referring to covalent network solids • Ionic Bond • These substances are all solid at room temperature and have high melting points except mercury. 3 strong bonds

  3. Metallic bond: The attraction for the kernel (metallic cation) and the valence electron(s) The structure is flexible (malleable) The electrons are delocalised and can move freely. Metallic

  4. The larger the kernel of the metal, the weaker the metallic bond. The stronger the charge of the kernel, the stronger the metallic bond

  5. The metals are in green!

  6. Covalent Network

  7. The covalent network crystals are held together by covalent bonds, which are strong. • The substances are high melting, hard and very strong. • Graphite conducts electricity because it has delocalised electrons between the layers of covalently bonded carbon atoms Covalent bonds are strong!

  8. Quartz and silicon are also covalent network

  9. The ionic bond is the attraction between positive and negative ions. It is a strong bond Ionic Bonds

  10. Ionic compounds are electrolytes

  11. Molten ionic compounds conduct electricity – the ions can move!

  12. The ionic bond is stronger if the ions have a higher charge • The ionic bond is stronger when the ions are smaller because the ions are closer to each other • When the ionic bond is stronger, it melts higher Strength of ionic bonds

  13. Ionic compounds contain a cation and an anion. (metal and nonmetal)

  14. Sharing vs transfer of electrons

  15. Simple covalent molecules form between nonmetals (yellow area)

  16. Nonpolar molecules –van der Waals (weakest) Polar Molecules – Dipole dipole force Polar Molecules with N, O or F bonded directing to hydrogen: Hydrogen Bonding.. (strongest of the weak forces) 3 weak intermolecular forces (nonmetal – nonmetal)

  17. Nonpolar Covalent molecules

  18. Van der Waals Forces

  19. The van der Waals forces are stronger when the molecules are bigger.

  20. Polar Covalent Molecules

  21. Dipole Dipole Forces

  22. Hydrogen bonds

  23. The dipole – dipole force is stronger when the molecule is bigger. Hydrogen bonds are even stronger.

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