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EUROPEANS IN INDIA

EUROPEANS IN INDIA. Grade 8. Introduction. Many trading companies were formed in Europe for trade with India and other parts of Asia and Africa.

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EUROPEANS IN INDIA

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  1. EUROPEANS IN INDIA Grade 8

  2. Introduction • Many trading companies were formed in Europe for trade with India and other parts of Asia and Africa. • These trading companies which mainly belonged to Portugal, Holland, England, France and Denmark, established their trading centres in different parts of India too. • Most of these centres were in coastal areas and were used as warehouses for trading goods. • These trading centres were known as ‘factories’. However, nothing was manufactured here. They got this name as the company officials, also called ‘factors’, resided (lived) here.

  3. PORTUGUESE SETTLEMENTS • The first to arrive in India were the Portuguese, towards the end of the 15th century. • They established their headquarters in Goa, Daman and Diu on the western coast of India. • Until the 16th century, they established their monopoly (complete control) over trade in India. • With the arrival of other European companies, the Portuguese lost their influence as well as their monopoly over Indian trade.

  4. DUTCH EAST INDIA COMPANY • It was formed in 1602. • They had important factories in India at Masulipatanam, Chinsura, Nagapattinam, Patna, Balasore and Cochin. • Dutch activities in India resulted in rivalry between the Dutch and the English. • They were later removed by the English and the French from the important position that they had earlier held.

  5. ENGLISH EAST INDIA COMPANY • It was established in the year 1600, by a small group of English merchants. • The Queen of England, Elizabeth I, granted them the Company exclusive rights to trade with the East. • The Company made enormous profits by buying eastern goods and selling them at high prices in the European market. • The Queen received a share of the Company’s profit. • The EEIC set up its first factory at Suratin 1612. • Sir Thomas Roe, the English ambassador to the court of Jahangir, got many trade concessions for the Company from the Mughal emperor. • By the beginning of the 18th century, several British trading companies had joined together and formed one Company called the United east India Company.

  6. THE FRENCH EAST INDIA COMPANY • It was formed in 1664. • Its headquarters was based in Pondicherry. • When the French arrived in India, the English were already well settled along the coastal regions.

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