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Bones of the SKULL

Bones of the SKULL. Skull = Cranium and Facial Bones. Cranium ( 8 bones) Frontal Bone – forehead Parietal Bones (2) – roof and side of cranium Temporal bones (2) – “temples” Occipital bone – Contains foramen magnum  Sphenoid Bone - ( bat-shaped!)

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Bones of the SKULL

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  1. Bones of the SKULL

  2. Skull = Cranium and Facial Bones Cranium (8 bones) • Frontal Bone – forehead • Parietal Bones (2) – roof and side of cranium • Temporal bones (2) – “temples” • Occipital bone – Contains foramen magnum  • Sphenoid Bone - (bat-shaped!) • Ethmoid Bone – behind the bridge of your nose There are SUTURES that connect the bones of the cranium to one another. The three you should note are: 1. Sagittal Suture 2. LambdoidSuture 3. Coronal Suture

  3. Facial bones (14) • Maxilla (2) – upper jaw • Mandible (1) – lower jaw, only movable portion of skull • Nasal bones (2)– bridge of your nose • Zygomatic bone (2) – forms eye orbits and cheekbones • Palatine bones (2)– behind the soft palate • Lacrimal bones (2) – inside the orbit • Vomer (1) – bifurcates the nasal passage • Nasal Conchae (2) - The Hyoid bone – only bone in the body that does not articulate with another bone

  4. What is TMJ? Temporo-Mandibular Joint (TMJ), the joint where the mandible (the lower jaw) joins the temporal bone of the skull • A small disc of cartilage separates the bones • The disc is commonly pulled forward causing the skull and jaw bones to grind together! =pain! Ouch!

  5. The Brain • Who was Phineas Gage? The “American Crowbar Case” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yXiM-nDYzX0

  6. The Brain What is a Lobotomy? (Prefrontal) Surgery performed to the frontal lobe of the brain in an attempt to modify behavior of severely psychotic patients http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_0aNILW6ILk&feature=related

  7. Functions of the BrainThe CEREBRUM Largest part of the brain Separated into RIGHT and LEFT hemispheres that each contain 4 lobes: • Frontal - • Parietal - • Temporal - • Occipital - Higher intellectual processes, concentration, planning, problem solving Senses: temp., touch, pressure, pain, understanding speech and using words to express thoughts and feelings Hearing, remembering visual scenes, music Vision

  8. Parts of the brain are named similar to the BONES that cover them!! There is a fifth lobe internal to the others known as the INSULA

  9. Functions of the Brain CEREBELLUM Functions in muscle coordination, muscle tone, maintaining posture • Try these tasks: • While sitting at your desk, lift your right foot off the floor and make clockwise circles. • Now, while doing this, draw the number "6" in the air with your right-hand. • Rub your stomach and pat your head • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=syXWV8DnUEg

  10. Functions of the Brain Brain Stem 1. Medulla Oblongata: regulates heartbeat, breathing, blood pressure 2. Pons: regulates breathing rate 3. Midbrain: reflex centers for visual, auditory, and tactile responses

  11. Hypothalamus maintains homeostasis, regulates hunger, thirst, sleep, body temp., water balance, blood pressure • Thalamus receives all sensory input and relays them to the appropriate parts of the brain

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