Unit Overview 1 Unit Objectives • To identify adjectives in sentences and to capitalize proper adjectives • To recognize and apply usage rules for articles, demonstrative adjectives, and demonstrative pronouns  • To use and correctly spell comparative and superlative forms of adjectives  • To use vivid adjectives correctly in writing Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

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Lesson 1-1 Objectives • To identify adjectives and the words they modify in sentences  • To demonstrate control over the rules of capitalization for proper adjectives Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Lesson 1-2 Adjectives and Proper Adjectives • The words that we use to describe people, places, and things are called adjectives.  • An adjective is a word that describes a noun or a pronoun.  • Adjectives describe, or modify, nouns in three ways.  Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Lesson 1-3 Adjectives and Proper Adjectives (cont.) • Most adjectives come before the nouns they modify.  • Sometimes adjectives follow linking verbs and modify the subject, as in the example below.  • These inventions are important.  • These adjectives are called predicate adjectives. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Lesson 1-4 Adjectives and Proper Adjectives (cont.) • Some adjectives are formed from proper nouns and begin with capital letters.  • These are called proper adjectives.  • Proper adjectives are adjectives formed from proper nouns.  • Proper adjectives often have the same form as the nouns.  • Others are formed by adding endings to the noun forms. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

FORMING PROPER ADJECTIVES PROPER NOUN PROPER ADJECTIVE Oranges from FloridaFlorida oranges A symphony by Mozart A Mozart symphony Food from ItalyItalian food Lesson 1-5 Adjectives and Proper Adjectives (cont.)

Lesson 1-6 Exercise 1 Identifying Adjectives Underline each adjective. Then circle the noun or pronoun it describes. If it is a predicate adjective, label it P.A. 1. Young Gandhi studied at a small school in India. 2. He later lived for a while in busy London. 3. Sometimes Gandhi was homesick. 4. Gandhi heard the truth of an inner voice. 5. He was courageous and purposeful. P.A. P.A. P.A. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.

Lesson 1-7 Exercise 2 Identifying Proper Adjectives Underline each adjective. Then circle the noun it describes. Capitalize each proper adjective. 1. Victoria was a famous ruler in english history. 2. She was the energetic granddaughter of George III. 3. Victoria was the english queen from 1837 to 1901. 4. Victoria was also the queen of the scottish and welsh people. 5. During that time, Britain built a colonial empire. English English Scottish Welsh Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.

Lesson 1 Close Close Look through your previous writing assignments to check capitalization of proper adjectives.

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Lesson 2-1 Objectives • To recognize and understand the roles of articles, demonstrative adjectives, and demonstrative pronouns  • To use articles and demonstratives correctly in sentences Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Lesson 2-2 Articles and Demonstratives • The words a, an, and the are special kinds of adjectives.  • They are called articles.  • The points to a specific item or items.  • A and an refer to any one item of a group.  • Use a before words that begin with a consonant sound.  • Use an before words that begin with a vowel sound. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Lesson 2-3 Articles and Demonstratives (cont.) • William Shakespeare is the most famous English playwright. • Getting a lead role in a Shakespeare play is an honor.

Lesson 2-4 Articles and Demonstratives (cont.) • The words this, that, these, and those are called demonstrative adjectives. • They are used to point out something.  • Take this umbrella with you.  • That store is closed.  • Take these boots also.  • Those clouds are lovely.  • Use this and that with singular nouns.  • Use these and those with plural nouns. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Lesson 2-5 Articles and Demonstratives (cont.) • Use this and these to point out something that is close to you.  • Use that and those to point out something that is far from you.  Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Lesson 2-6 Articles and Demonstratives (cont.) • Demonstratives can be used with nouns or without them.  • When used alone, they are called demonstrative pronouns. • This is mine.  • These are for you. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Lesson 2-7 Exercise 3 Using Articles For each sentence, underline the correct article. 1. William Shakespeare was (an, the) English playwright. 2. Was he (a, the) greatest writer of all time? 3. (A, The) town of Stratford-on-Avon was his birthplace. 4. Shakespeare was (a, an) country boy. 5. He was (a, an) poet and (a, an) actor. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.

Lesson 2-8 Exercise 4 Using Demonstratives For each sentence, underline the correct demonstrative word. 1. (This, That) biography I’m holding is about Florence Nightingale. 2. (This, These) woman dreamed of being a nurse. 3. Her friends encouraged (that, those) dream. 4. (That, Those) sick soldiers lacked expert care. 5. (This, These) injustice created great concern. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.

Lesson 2-9 Exercise 5 Writing Sentences with Demonstratives Write a pair of sentences for each of these words: this, that, these, and those. In one sentence of each pair, use the word as a demonstrative adjective. In the other, use it as a demonstrative pronoun. One sample pair has been provided. These boots are too small. (demonstrative adjective) These will fit you. (demonstrative pronoun)

Lesson 2 Close Close Explain to the class in your own words the rules for using articles and demonstratives.

Lesson 3-1 Objectives • To identify comparative and superlative forms of adjectives  • To use comparative and superlative adjectives correctly in sentences Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Lesson 3-2 Adjectives That Compare • You can use adjectives to compare two or more nouns.  • The comparative form of an adjective compares two things or people.  • For most adjectives of one syllable, form the comparative by adding er.  • For most adjectives of two or more syllables, form the comparative by using more before the adjective.  • Is Venezuela larger than Peru?  • Is Argentina more beautiful than Ecuador? Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Lesson 3-3 Adjectives That Compare (cont.) • The superlative form of an adjective compares more than two things or people.  • For most adjectives of one syllable, form the superlative by adding est.  • For most adjectives of two or more syllables, form the superlative by using most before the adjective.  • Is Brazil the richest country in South America?  • Simón Bolívar was one of South America’s most successful generals. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Lesson 3-4 Adjectives That Compare (cont.) • Do not use more or most before adjectives that already are in the comparative or superlative form.  Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Lesson 3-5 Exercise 6 Using the Comparative and Superlative Forms Write the correct comparative or superlative form of the adjective in parentheses. 1. Simón Bolívar is one of the (great) heroes of South America. 2. He was (successful) as an older man than as a younger man. 3. The general was (wise) than before about the struggle. 4. Simón Bolívar was one of the (loyal) of patriots. 5. The general cherished the (important) dream of all. greatest more successful wiser most loyal most important Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.

Lesson 3-6 Exercise 7 Writing Sentences to Show Comparison Write five sentences that make comparisons. After each sentence, identify the comparison as in the comparative or superlative form. A sample sentence has been provided. The dancers needed longer rehearsals. (comparative)

Lesson 3 Close Close Create posters illustrating rules for using comparative and superlative forms of adjectives.

Lesson 4-1 Objectives • To identify and correctly use irregular comparative and superlative forms of adjectives  • To demonstrate control over the spelling of irregular comparative and superlative adjectives Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Lesson 4-2 Special Adjectives That Compare • The comparative and superlative forms of some adjectives are not formed in the regular manner.  • Harriet Tubman believed in a good cause.  • She knew that freedom was better than slavery.  • The Underground Railroad was the best route to freedom.  • In the sentences above, better is the comparative form of the adjective good.  • Best is the superlative form of good. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

 Lesson 4-3 Special Adjectives That Compare (cont.) • Do not use more or most before irregular adjectives that are already in the comparative or superlative form.  • Tubman felt better at the end of the day. [not morebetter] Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Lesson 4-4 Exercise 8 Identifying the Comparative and Superlative Forms Identify the form of each underlined adjective as comparative or superlative. Then write the adjective from which it was formed. 1. Martin Luther King Jr. wanted a better life for all Americans. 2. His best speeches inspired people. 3. He worked hard on his better speeches. 4. There were more people in his audience near the end of his life than there had been in the beginning. 5. King paid less attention to his critics than to his supporters. comparative–good superlative–good comparative–good comparative–many comparative–little Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.

Lesson 4-5 Exercise 9 Using the Comparative and Superlative Forms Write the correct comparative or superlative form of the adjectives in parentheses. 1. After her husband’s death, Eleanor Roosevelt did even (much) work than before. 2. Mrs. Roosevelt’s newspaper column was (good) than many other newspaper columns. 3. She gave her (good) efforts to the United Nations. 4. Perhaps she did her (good) work of all in the cause of peace. 5. Which of her speeches is the (good)? more better best best best Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.

Lesson 4 Close Close Check a previous writing assignment to make sure that any irregular comparative or superlative adjectives were used correctly.

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