1 / 37

The Second American Revolution

The Second American Revolution. From Liberty to Freedom. 1840, 1840: Liberty Party 1848: Free Soil Party. Antislavery vs. Abolitionism. Seemingly narrow distinction Fear of slavery’s expansion Competition for land, labor. A World of Nationalism.

golda
Télécharger la présentation

The Second American Revolution

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Second American Revolution

  2. From Liberty to Freedom

  3. 1840, 1840: Liberty Party • 1848: Free Soil Party

  4. Antislavery vs. Abolitionism • Seemingly narrow distinction • Fear of slavery’s expansion • Competition for land, labor

  5. A World of Nationalism • Democratic, nationalist movements fail in Europe (1848) • Can democracy survive in US?

  6. Mo Land, Mo Problems • Sen. Henry Clay’s Compromise of 1850 • California=free • Fugitive slave law • Popular sovereignty

  7. Disunion? • South insists of slave expansion • Led by ailing SC Sen. John Calhoun

  8. Pres. Zachary Taylor dies • New Pres. Millard Fillmore supports Compromise

  9. Temporary Fix • Fugitive Slave Act outrages North • Abolitionists resist, free captured slaves • Ex: Syracuse, NY (1851)

  10. Popular Sovereignty? • Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) • Repeals Missouri Compromise • “dreary region of despotism, inhabited my masters and slaves” – Rep. Joshua Giddings & Sen. Salmon Chase

  11. Pottawatomie Massacre (1856) • Pro, anti battle in “Bleeding Kansas”

  12. Dred Scott vs. Sandford(1857) • Only white people=citizens • Blacks “had no rights which the white man was bound to respect”

  13. Here Comes the Railsplitter

  14. Abraham Lincoln • 1809-1865 • Poor family from KY • Self-taught lawyer • Whig Congressman • Opposed Mexican War & expansion of slavery

  15. New Republican Party opposes Dred Scott decision • Lincoln’s Senate run in 1858 • Nuanced stance • Anti-slavery • But willing to compromise • Equal opportunity

  16. The Approach of War • John Brown’s raid on Harper’s Ferry (1859) • Divides nation • South horrified

  17. “I, John Brown, am quite certain that the crimes of this guilty land will never be purged away but with blood…”

  18. We’re Out! • South Carolina secedes, 12/20/1860 • Months til inauguration • Pres. James Buchanan powerless

  19. “the great truth that the negro is not equal to the white man” • “slavery, subordination to the superior race is his natural and normal condition” -- Confederate VP Alexander Stephens

  20. Lincoln’s Tightrope • How to avoid civil war? • Union must not fire “first shot”

  21. Fort Sumter, 4/12/1861 • CSA fires on supply ship to Union base • NC, AR, TN, VA join CSA

  22. A “Modern” War • New technology • guns, submarines, telegraph • trench warfare • 620,000 dead • Propaganda • Photography

  23. The Facts • North=more resources • 2 x population of South • South has slave labor • Cotton?

  24. Long, Slow, and Painful • Expected to be short conflict • Union has to invade South

  25. Progress? • Early success in West • Capture of New Orleans • War of attrition • South fights mostly defensive war • Strikes into North

  26. The Horror of War • Antietam, MD – 4,000 in 1 day • Gettysburg, PA – biggest ever battle in N. America • North makes little progress

  27. What Was the War All About? • Slaves flee to Union lines • Slaves as “contraband” • Abolition in DC

  28. Emancipation Proclamation • 1/1/1863 • Frees 3 million slaves in the South • No compensation

  29. Now a War for Freedom • North enlists black troops • Initially, didn’t want to alienate white soldiers or border states

  30. Army: 180,000 • Navy: 24,000 • Mostly ex-slaves • Unequal treatment

  31. Breakthrough • 1864 election approaches • Lincoln puts Grant in charge • Pushes into South • Massive casualties • Ex: 60,000 Union dead vs. 30,000 Southern in 6 weeks

  32. Endgame • William Tecumseh Sherman burns Atlanta • Lincoln reelected (1864)

More Related