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Valence Electrons and Oxidation Numbers

Valence Electrons and Oxidation Numbers. Chemistry Dr. May. Region where electron is likely to be found. Nucleus. . 1s 1. +. 1 H 1. Electron Cloud Model of the Hydrogen Atom. Hydrogen Gas. Hydrogen Gas (H 2 ). Hydrogen. . 1s 1. 1. +1. H +1. With SO 4 2. gives H 2 SO 4.

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Valence Electrons and Oxidation Numbers

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  1. Valence Electrons and Oxidation Numbers Chemistry Dr. May

  2. Region where electron is likely to be found Nucleus  1s1 + 1 H 1 Electron Cloud Model of the Hydrogen Atom

  3. Hydrogen Gas

  4. Hydrogen Gas (H2)

  5. Hydrogen  1s1 1 +1 H+1 With SO42 gives H2SO4

  6. O O S O O H H

  7. Helium  1s2 2 0 none

  8. Region where the 2 electrons are likely to be found Nucleus  1s2 + +  4 He 2 Electron Cloud Model of the Helium Atom

  9. Lithium  2s1 1 +1 Li+1 With SO42 gives Li2SO4

  10. Region where the 2s electron is likely to be found Region where the 1s electrons are likely to be found Nucleus  1s22s1 + + +   7 Li 3 Electron Cloud Model of the Lithium Atom

  11. Beryllium  2s2 2 +2 Be+2 With SO42 gives BeSO4

  12. Berylium Electron Art

  13. The Beryllium Atom 9 Be 4 protons 4 4 electrons 1s22s2 5 neutrons

  14. Boron  2p1 3 +3 B+3 With O2 gives B2O3

  15. Carbon  2p2 4 Has 4 electrons to share Covalent CO2 and CCl4

  16. Carbon Atom Carbon Atom 12 C 6

  17. Nitrogen  2p3 5 Has 5 electrons to share Covalent NCl5 and N2O5

  18. Nitrogen An Atom

  19. Oxygen  2p4 6 2 O2 With K+1 gives K2O

  20. electrons nucleus • • • • • • • • Oxygen atom

  21. Fluorine  2p5 7 1 F1 With K+1 gives KF

  22. Neon  2p6 8 0 none

  23. Sodium  3s1 1 +1 With SO42 Na+1 gives Na2SO4

  24. Magnesium  3s2 2 +2 With SO42 Mg+2 gives MgSO4

  25. 2s orbital Nucleus Quantum Model Quantum Model    Mg Ne Na O F Be N He B C Li H    2p orbitals    1s22s22p1 1s22s1 1s22s2 1s2 1s1 1s22s22p3 1s22s22p5 1s22s22p2 1s22s22p63s1 1s22s22p6 1s22s22p4 1s22s22p63s2    1s orbital 3s orbital

  26. Aluminum  3p1 3 +3 With SO42 gives Al2(SO4)3 Al+3

  27. Hydrated Al+3 H2O H2O H2O Al+3 H2O H2O H2O

  28. Silicon  3p2 4 Silicon has 4 electrons to share Covalent SiO2 and SiC

  29. Phosphorus  3p3 5 Phosphorus has 5 electrons to share Covalent PCl5 and P2O5

  30. Sulfur  3p4 6 2 With Na+1 gives Na2S S2

  31. Chlorine  3p5 7 1 With Al+3 gives AlCl3 Cl1

  32. Argon  3p6 8 0 none

  33. Argon Energy level 3  Energy level 1 Energy level 2  +18 1s22s22p63s23p6 = s electrons = p electrons

  34. Potassium  4s1 1 +1 With S2 gives K2S K+1

  35. Calcium  4s2 2 +2 With SO42 gives CaSO4 Ca+2

  36. The End • This presentation was created for the benefit of our students by the Science Department at Howard High School of Technology • Please send suggestions and comments to rmay@nccvt.k12.de.us

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