1 / 30

Explosive Hazards

Explosive Hazards. Blast Pressure (Overpressure). Detonation can exert pressures of up to 700 tons per square inch on the atmosphere = 13,000 mph Pressure level for a typical shock wave Eardrum failure Threshold 5 psi 50% 15 - 20 psi Lung damage Threshold 10 - 12 psi Lethality

gore
Télécharger la présentation

Explosive Hazards

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Explosive Hazards

  2. Blast Pressure (Overpressure) • Detonation can exert pressures of up to 700 tons per square inch on the atmosphere = 13,000 mph Pressure level for a typical shock wave • Eardrum failure Threshold 5 psi 50% 15 - 20 psi • Lung damage Threshold 10 - 12 psi • Lethality Threshold 30 - 42 psi 50 42 - 57 psi Near 100% 57 - 80 psi

  3. Overpressure

  4. Incendiary or Thermal • Radiant heat (the bright flash) - usually only lasts a fraction of a second with temperatures exceeding 10,000 degrees • Radiation - (nuclear) only found if nuclear reaction is present in a bomb

  5. If you can see the bomb, you are too close! Fragmentation • Average bomb fragment will reach 2700 feet per second (fps) • Secondary fragmentation energized from the blast or caused by the blast Debris Broken Glass Rocks

  6. Secondary Hazards • BE AWARE OF HAZARDS • Diminished structural integrity • Broken gas/sewer lines • Down electrical lines • Trip hazards • Smoke • Fire • Heat

  7. Explosives Recognition Types of explosives • Commercial explosives • Military explosives • Improvised explosive devices • Weapons of mass destruction

  8. Blasting Caps Dynamite Detonation Cord Cast Boosters Shape Charges ANFO Slurry Powders Commercial Explosives

  9. Military Explosives • Blasting Caps • Dynamite • TNT • Detonation Cord • Deta Sheet • Composition C4 • Military Ordinance

  10. Nuclear (WMD) • Explosive device designed to maximize nuclear yield event • Very small chance of being used but huge consequence • Too expensive • Difficult to assemble and deploy • Unstable governments • Dirty Bomb • Small dose of radiation • Cleanup becomes the major concern • More of a fear/panic factor than immediate health risk

  11. Biological (WMD) • Includes any living or nonliving virus, microorganism or bio-active substance that is produced by a microorganism and has a deliverable system. • Can be dispersed to create fear and panic • Unlikely as a bomb • Heat of explosion will destroy biological toxins. Smallpox

  12. Biological Agents • Anthrax(Bacillus anthracis) • Botulism(Clostridum botulinum toxin) • Cholera(Vibrio cholerae) • Q-fever(Coriella burnetii) • Plague(Yersinia pestis) • Ricin toxin(Ricinus communis) • Salmonella(Salmonellosis) • Smallpox(Variola major) • Tuleremia(Francisella tularensis)

  13. Chemical (WMD) • Nerve, Blister, Choking agents • Chemical agents designed to kill, cause serious injury, incapacitate or used for area denial • Usually spread by dispersion devices • Can be manufactured from household chemicals • Chlorine • Ammonia • Pesticides • Mass quantities are often needed

  14. What Does a Bomb Look Like ?

  15. How many of you pictured these?

  16. Improvised Explosive Devices • There is no such thing as a textbook bomb • Anything could be a bomb • Limited to the imagination and technical expertise of the builder

  17. Chemical Bomb

  18. Responsibilities of the first Responder • Respond for report • Time, distance, shielding • Radio’s, pagers, cellular phones • Use items accordingly on scene • Turn off or leave behind if approaching device • Assess the threat • Suspicious vs. Suspected • Interviews • Prior incidents? • High profile target? • Separate witnesses • Evacuation • Your decision vs. owner/manager decision • Notify the Bomb Squad • Scene security / perimeter

  19. Bomb Threats Phone Letter Note • Credible / Specific threat? Time communicated? • Does the location have a search procedure and have they completed it? • Has a suspicious package or suspected device been found? • BOMB TECHNICIANS DO NOT SEARCH! • Law enforcement cannot mandate an evacuation unless a suspected package is located

  20. Suspicious Package(s) Purses Backpacks Briefcases Fed-ex Shopping bags Boxes • NO ASSOCIATED THREAT • Respond for the report • You do not have the right to mandate an evacuation • DO NOT TOUCH OR MOVE THE ITEM • Assess the threat level • Attempt to contact an owner if possible Return address, initials, possibly known • Utilize K-9 if available • Can the item be secured with minimal interruption? • If an approach is needed, be sure and get all information on one approach • GO BY YOURSELF • Consider having EMS/Fire at the location • If an owner cannot be found, consider the package a suspected device

  21. Suspected Device • Threat of specific device in area / building • Evacuate area, minimum of 300ft in all directions • Secure scene • DO NOT TOUCH, SHOW YOUR FRIENDS, OR STAFF • Do not place anything on top, around or near item • Notify the Bomb Squad • Establish incident command • Have fire and EMS on standby • Have witnesses available for bomb technicians

  22. DO NOT TOUCH OR SHOW ANYONEFOR ANY REASON!

  23. Bomb Squad Activation • Request the Bomb Squad through your supervisor • Supervisor will notify dispatch • Dispatch notifies the Bomb Commander • Bomb Technicians are notified for response

  24. Bomb Squad Responsibilities • Respond to Command Post • Conduct interviews/interrogation (if applicable) • Assume command of inner perimeter • Bomb Technicians will make all decisions on life vs. property • Bomb Technicians have full authority of how the item will be rendered safe • Bomb Technicians will revert into an advisory role if decisions on handling procedures are compromised • Bomb Technicians will collect or assist in the collection of evidence • Bomb Technicians will submit supplemental reports on all activities/actions • Bomb Technicians CANNOT AND WILL NOT make a decision to reoccupy • Bomb Technicians will assist in follow-up investigations if requested

  25. Post Blast Response • Maintain awareness for secondary devices/hazards • Lifesaving procedures at the scene always comes first • Secure the scene • Establish perimeter (start large) • Protect the evidence • Control ingress and egress • Notify the Bomb Squad for post blast investigation • Have witnesses available for bomb technicians

  26. Post Blast • Bomb Technicians should be notified on all post blast incidents • Bomb Technicians are the only personnel trained in processing and collection of post blast scenes • Bomb Squad response may not be required • Major incident • Large vehicle bomb • Extensive property damage • Serious injury or death involved • Weapons of mass destruction

  27. Current Trends / Activity • Pipe bombs - PVC, galvanized, misc. • Dry ice • Chemical • Sparkler bombs • Hoax devices-bank robberies • Abandoned mines/explosives • Homemade fireworks

  28. Additional Resources • Additional bomb squads and equipment • Adams/Jeffco Hazmat Team • State chemist • Civil Support Team • FBI / ATFE • Ft. Carson EOD • K-9 • Explosive scientists/specialists

  29. Questions?

More Related