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Phylum Arthropoda Class Insecta Order Odonata Dragonflies and Damselflies

Phylum Arthropoda Class Insecta Order Odonata Dragonflies and Damselflies. Odonate Characteristics. ‘Odonto’ refers to strong teeth on mandibles of adults Aquatic larva -> terrestrial (aerial) adult Highly predaceous larva or adult

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Phylum Arthropoda Class Insecta Order Odonata Dragonflies and Damselflies

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  1. Phylum ArthropodaClass InsectaOrder OdonataDragonflies and Damselflies

  2. Odonate Characteristics • ‘Odonto’ refers to strong teeth on mandibles of adults • Aquatic larva -> terrestrial (aerial) adult • Highly predaceous larva or adult • Usually considered beneficial for the large number of flying insects the adults eat • ~11 families and 407 species in NA • Hemimetabolous: egg -> nymph (naiad) -> adult • Some species are migratory • Adults often mate guard by flying in tandem after copulating • “Devil’s Darning Needle”; mosquito hawk

  3. Natural History • Habitat-almost all in lentic waters • Feeding-zooplankton->larger invertebrates->larger items, even fish • Life history: • Most have one generation/yr • Some require 2 years; a few require 3-6 yrs (in cold climes) • Most oviposit in water; a few in plants above water line with a sword-like structure • Hatch in several weeks; species of vernal pools may enter diapause for 11 months • Larval stage averages 10 months (range-6 weeks to 6 years) • Molt 11-12 times (range 10-15)

  4. More Natural History • Stop feeding several days prior to emergence • Climb out of water • Emergence takes 1-3 hrs; a very vulnerable stage; many emerge at night • Adults live 1 month (range: 2weeks-2 months) • Excellent vision; can rotate head almost 360 • Catch food on the wing in leg basket • Males territorial; may lek

  5. SubordersAnisoptera and ZygopteraDragonflies Damselflies

  6. Adults

  7. Larvae • Labial mask for catching prey • Rectal gills • Stout body • Labial mask for catching prey • Three leaf-like gills at rear of abdomen • Body long and slender

  8. Dragonfly LarvaeFamily Differences Aeshnidae Gomphidae Cordulugasteridae

  9. Labial Mask

  10. Often Identified by Wing Venation

  11. Emergence: a dangerous time Teneral Stage

  12. Exuvium

  13. Ovipositing

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